Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is a purulent inflammatory process in the peritonsillar space, commonly occurring as a complication of acute bacterial tonsillitis or chronic tonsillar decompensation. It remains one of the most frequent ENT emergencies. This article presents a detailed review of the etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, modern diagnostic methods, treatment algorithms, and strategies for preventing complications associated with PTA. The importance of early diagnosis and timely surgical drainage combined with rational antibiotic therapy is emphasized. Immunological status, recurrence risk, and indications for tonsillectomy are also discussed. Preventive approaches such as public awareness, infection control, and vaccination are proposed as key tools in reducing the burden of PTA.

Peritonsillar abscess; Complications; Antibiotic therapy; Surgical treatment; Immunity; Diagnosis; Preventive measures; Purulent infection; Otorhinolaryngology; Tonsillectomy

Brook I. "Microbiology and management of peritonsillar, retropharyngeal, and parapharyngeal abscesses." J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2004.

Klug TE et al. “Management of peritonsillar abscess: a systematic review.” Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 2020.

Dhingra PL, Dhingra S. Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat, 7th ed. Elsevier, 2021.

Vlasov A.N., Sinyakova L.A. "Purulent diseases of the pharynx", Moscow, 2020.

UpToDate. "Peritonsillar abscess: Clinical features, diagnosis, and management", 2024.