This article examines diseases of deciduous (primary) teeth in children, their etiological factors, clinical manifestations, and modern treatment approaches. Primary teeth are essential for a child’s overall health, proper nutrition, speech development, and preservation of space for permanent dentition. The study focuses on the most common conditions such as caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, hypoplasia, and traumatic injuries. Modern treatment strategies highlighted include minimally invasive dentistry, the use of biomaterials, laser therapy, and preventive measures. The role of parental awareness regarding oral hygiene and the importance of regular dental check-ups for early diagnosis and prevention of complications are also emphasized. The findings underline the need to implement safe, effective, and child-friendly approaches in pediatric dentistry to ensure both clinical success and psychological comfort for young patients.

primary teeth, pediatric dentistry, caries, pulpitis, treatment methods, prevention, laser therapy, biomaterials.

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