
LONG-TERM (UP TO 2 YEARS) DYNAMIC 3D RADIOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE CHANGES IN BONE TISSUE AROUND DENTAL IMPLANTS WITH EARLY FUNCTIONAL LOADING
Akhmadzhonov M.A. , Assistant of Department of orthopedic dentistry and orthodontics, Andijan State Medical InstituteAbstract
Objective: This study aims to conduct a long-term (up to 2 years) analysis of the qualitative and quantitative changes in the peri-implant bone tissue under early functional loading protocols, utilizing 3D radiographic data. The secondary objective is to evaluate the dynamics of blood supply and implant stability to substantiate the efficacy of early loading. Methods: The study involved 90 patients, aged 25 to 61, with minor defects of the dental arches in the lower jaw. Patients were allocated into three groups: Group 1 (n=28) received two-stage screw-type implants with conventional loading; Group 2 (n=31) received implants with early functional loading (prostheses placed after 1 month); Group 3 (n=38) received traditional fixed partial dentures. All prosthetic constructions were metal-ceramic bridges. The evaluation included clinical-stomatoscopic examination, 3D radiography (CBCT), Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) to assess blood microcirculation, and implant/tooth mobility tests. Assessments were performed at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months post-prosthesis placement. Results: The 3D radiographic analysis is expected to demonstrate that the early loading group (Group 2) exhibits comparable, if not superior, results in maintaining marginal bone levels and bone density compared to the conventional loading group (Group 1) over the 2-year period. LDF data will likely show an initial pronounced hyperemic response in Group 2, followed by a quicker stabilization of blood flow, suggesting an accelerated and robust healing process. Implant stability quotients are anticipated to show a minimal initial dip followed by a steady increase in the early loading group, reaching values comparable to the conventional group by the 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: Early functional loading of dental implants, when applied under controlled conditions and in properly selected cases, can be a predictable and effective treatment modality. It not only reduces the overall treatment time but may also positively stimulate the peri-implant bone, leading to successful long-term osseointegration and clinical outcomes. This study provides a multi-faceted approach, combining radiographic, hemodynamic, and stability data to validate this protocol.
Keywords
Dental implantation, early functional loading, 3D radiography, CBCT, osseointegration, Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF), implant stability.
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