Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome of polyetiological nature, characterized by the cardinal features of tremor, muscle rigidity, and akinesia (bradykinesia). The development of this syndrome is associated with organic or functional lesions of certain localized brain structures.

The main pathogenetic mechanism involves a deficiency of the neurotransmitter dopamine, resulting from the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the nigrostriatal system.

Parkinsonism; Parkinson’s disease; Dopaminergic neurons; Tremor; Bradykinesia; Deep brain stimulation (DBS); Levodopa therapy

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