Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent one of the most common bacterial infections encountered in clinical practice. They affect individuals of all ages but are particularly prevalent among women, children, and the elderly. UTIs involve microbial invasion of the urinary system, including the urethra, bladder, ureters, and kidneys. This article reviews the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and current treatment strategies of UTIs, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate antimicrobial therapy to prevent complications.

urinary tract infection, etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment

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