Parallel computing has become a fundamental approach in modern computer engineering due to the increasing demand for high-performance and efficient computing systems. The development of multi-core processors enables multiple processing units to operate simultaneously, significantly improving computational speed and resource utilization. This paper discusses the basic concepts of parallel computing, the architecture of multi-core processors, and their role in enhancing system performance. Additionally, it explores common parallel programming models, challenges such as synchronization and load balancing, and the practical applications of multi-core systems in fields including scientific computing, data processing, and artificial intelligence. The study highlights the importance of parallel computing as a key solution to overcome the limitations of traditional single-core processors.

Parallel computing, multi-core processors, processor architecture, performance optimization, parallel programming.

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