The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive assessment of the clinical features of growth and pubertal development disorders in children and adolescents, as well as to analyze modern diagnostic approaches. The main forms of disorders considered include growth delay, delayed puberty, and precocious puberty. Growth delay was found in 2–5% of children and may be attributed to constitutional factors as well as endocrine diseases. Delayed puberty occurs in 2–3% of adolescents, predominantly in boys, and is most often constitutional in nature. Precocious puberty is diagnosed mainly in girls, accounting for up to 80% of cases, and requires early intervention to prevent complications.

The study methods included clinical evaluation of anthropometric parameters, determination of pubertal stage using Tanner’s scale, hand radiography to assess bone age, hormonal assays (growth hormone, IGF‑1, thyroid hormones, gonadotropins, estradiol, testosterone), and instrumental techniques such as ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland and pelvic organs, as well as magnetic resonance imaging of the brain.

The analysis confirmed that the most common disorders are growth delay and precocious puberty. These conditions are multifactorial in origin and require comprehensive diagnostic evaluation to differentiate constitutional variants from pathological forms. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that early diagnosis and correct interpretation of clinical and laboratory data improve prognosis and quality of life in children with growth and pubertal development disorders.

growth delay; delayed puberty; precocious puberty; hormonal disorders; diagnostics; bone age; adolescent medicine.

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