This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the semantic and structural characteristics of toponyms in the Uzbek and English languages. The study examines the mechanisms of place-name formation in both language systems, specifically focusing on the methods of affixation and compounding. Furthermore, the distinctive aspects of semantic groups of toponyms, such as hydronyms, oronyms, and anthroponyms, are investigated. The article demonstrates that despite the languages belonging to different linguistic families, there are similar logical patterns in naming geographical features; however, national-cultural and structural differences prevail in their linguistic manifestation.

toponymy, semantic analysis, structural analysis, comparative linguistics, affixation, compounding, hydronyms, oronyms, linguoculturology.

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