Vital pulp therapy (VAC) has recently been proposed as an alternative approach even in mature permanent teeth with symptoms and deep caries in order to preserve the viability of the pulp over time and/or avoid non-surgical root canal treatment (NCRT).  However, to date, the diagnosis of reversible or irreversible pulpitis is based only on the clinical amount and quality of pain, without accurately reflecting the state of inflammation of the pulp.  VAC can be successfully used not only in mature permanent teeth with a diagnosis of reversible pulpitis, but also in permanent dental elements with signs and symptoms of irreversible pulpitis.

hydraulic cements; irreversible pulpitis; pain; reversible pulpitis; vital pulp therapy

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