This study examines the significance of a learner's native language in acquiring Russian as a second language (L2). While language acquisition is a multifaceted process, the learner’s first language (L1) plays a crucial role in the development of linguistic skills in Russian. This article reviews current theories of second language acquisition (SLA) and investigates how the transfer of linguistic structures from L1 to Russian influences both the learning process and the rate of acquisition. Based on a comparative analysis of phonological, syntactic, and semantic features across languages, this study proposes that leveraging L1 knowledge can expedite learning, especially when guided by targeted pedagogical strategies. The findings highlight that, when used effectively, native language structures can serve as cognitive tools that foster deeper comprehension and retention of Russian.

Second Language Acquisition, Russian Language Learning, Native Language Transfer, Linguistic Structures, Language Pedagogy.

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