In this thesis, we talk about the inextricable connection of foreign languages with other fields, the need of the present time, the requirements for learning foreign languages. Nowadays, the knowledge of foreign languages is the most important requirement for the development of industries in order for them to be recognized by the whole world.

This article lists appliqué references. The article briefly discusses the types of appliqués, the method in which they are performed and the effective ways to teach it to students.

The article examines historical approaches to studying the problem of tolerance, what educational programs should help improve mutual understanding, strengthen solidarity and tolerance in relations between individuals, as well as between ethnic, social, cultural, religious and linguistic groups, as well as nations.

This paper explores the relationship between language and style in Russian literature, focusing on the linguistic characteristics of both lyrical poetry and prose. Through a detailed linguistic analysis, the study examines how the use of syntax, vocabulary, and stylistic devices in the works of major Russian writers shapes the narrative and emotional tone of their texts. The paper specifically addresses the role of language in the creation of lyrical images, the expression of philosophical ideas, and the portrayal of character psychology in prose. By analyzing selected works of prominent Russian authors such as Alexander Pushkin, Mikhail Lermontov, Fyodor Dostoevsky, and Leo Tolstoy, the study investigates how linguistic choices reflect both the aesthetic and ideological dimensions of Russian literary traditions. Furthermore, the paper highlights the evolution of literary language over time and its impact on the development of Russian literary style, emphasizing key stylistic shifts in the 19th and 20th centuries. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the ways in which language serves as a tool for conveying meaning, enhancing emotional expression, and shaping literary identity in Russian literature.

This article explores the significance and widespread use of abbreviations in modern communication. It highlights how abbreviations enhance the efficiency and speed of information exchange in various contexts, such as digital communication, professional settings, and everyday conversations. The article also discusses the potential challenges of abbreviation use, including misinterpretation and the loss of language richness. It concludes by emphasizing the balance between efficiency and clarity in communication.

This article highlights the importance of using folktales in the correction of preschool children whose speech is not fully developed.

The article explores the expression of national-cultural codes through symbols in media language, emphasizing its distinctive national characteristics. It highlights the linguistic symbols in the Uzbek press that embody cultural identity alongside universal elements. Drawing from scholarly perspectives, the study examines the semiotic nature of symbols, which lack direct meanings and acquire significance through contextual encoding.

in this article, when it comes to the fact that working on ambiguous and formative words in primary school students is an important and interesting learning activity, this process helps students to correctly understand the basic concepts of language learning, the meanings of words and understand their interdependence. The article will talk about the importance, methodology and benefits of working on ambiguous and formative words. 

Improving the creative teaching of elements of geometry in the primary class requires not only knowledge and skills from the teacher, but also encourages students to think, imagine and think creatively during the course of the lesson. In this article, we will talk about the pedagogical basis for improving the creative teaching of elements of geometry in the primary class.

This article is dedicated to the methodology for developing the personal skills of students. The article analyzes the methods for enhancing students' personal development, which include skills such as creative thinking, effective time management, stress management, communication skills, and problem-solving. Developing personal skills is not only crucial for students' academic success but also for their future professional careers. This article outlines the ways in which students can enhance their personal skills, helping them become successful professionals in their respective fields.

This article explores the role of literature in fostering moral development and instilling ethical values. Literature, as an art form, offers a unique platform for readers to engage with diverse perspectives, confront ethical dilemmas, and develop empathy. By immersing themselves in the experiences of characters and the moral challenges they face, readers can cultivate critical thinking skills and moral reasoning. The article examines how literature can be employed as an educational tool to nurture ethical awareness and social responsibility, particularly among young readers.

The electrified railway system consists of two parts: the external part of the power supply system, which includes all devices from the power plant to the power lines supplying energy to traction substations; the traction part of the power supply system, which consists of traction substations and traction network. The traction network consists of a contact network, a rail track, supply and suction lines, as well as other wires and devices connected along the length of the line to the contact suspension directly or through special autotransformers. The device of a traction substation depends on the electric traction system used on the railway, i.e. it is determined by the type of current and voltage used in the contact network, as well as the voltage and current system of the energy source of the primary part of the power supply circuit.

The article analyzes the methods and means of assessing the physical fitness of children aged 10-12 involved in handball through tests and selecting them. Based on the analysis, the scientific and methodological aspects of the problem of directing and selecting young handball players to sports at the initial training stage, the issues of directing, selecting and selecting children and adolescents to sports are covered.

This article reports the status of digital government in developing countries and provides observations and recommendations for donors. Digital government requires a revisioning and restructuring of how government operates. It requires different administrative structures, policies, and processes, which necessitates a transformation of how the analog parts of government operate in order to fit new digital dynamics.

This article analyzes the cognitive development process of older preschool children based on neuro-pedagogical approaches. The integration of neuropsychology and pedagogy enables the organization of an effective educational process that considers the child’s individual abilities and perception characteristics. The article discusses the neurobiological foundations of cognitive development, the didactic principles of neuro-pedagogy, and modern educational technologies. Practical recommendations for supporting children's cognitive development are also provided.

In this article, the popularization of physical education and sports in our country is defined as one of the important directions of social policy, physical culture and sports are aimed at strengthening the health of the population, establishing a healthy lifestyle in society by raising the young generation to be healthy and well-rounded, and an integrative approach. correction of changes in the physical development of preschool children.

Teaching to solve problems in mathematics lessons acquires interest in science, teaches logical thinking, develops imagination, therefore, children should be taught to solve the simplest issues from elementary school, even kindergarten, to understand its essence. Action-specific issues play an important role in solving textual issues. The article presents an analysis of several movement-related issues in the primary class. 

The article analyzes the various effects of social media on the mental health of young people. It highlights that social media has a positive impact on young people by creating opportunities for them to establish new connections, express their opinions, and obtain information. It also highlights that excessive use of social media can lead to negative consequences such as anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and cyberbullying. At the same time, it highlights the need to use social media wisely and guide young people to maintain their mental health.

This article examines the importance and positive aspects of interactive teaching methods for medical students in the process of music therapy. It is also emphasized that interactive methods in teaching music therapy for medical students help to consolidate students' theoretical knowledge with practical skills, and teach them creative and analytical thinking.

This article enumerates the information on the emergence of the information society, the features of the information society and the guarantees of the right to search, receive and disseminate any information in the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

This article analyzes the effectiveness of using the methodology of corpus linguistics in teaching English. Through corpus linguistics, interactive approaches are proposed to develop teaching materials for students based on the real use of the language, identify and teach frequently encountered language units and grammatical structures in the learning process. The article shows that as a result of using corpus linguistics tools, students' level of practical language acquisition has improved and their knowledge of the language has deepened. It is also noted that this method allows teachers to enrich and modernize the lesson.

This article analyzes the problems in the process of translating fiction and popular science works into Turkish. The issues of finding cultural and linguistic equivalents of fantastic elements, ensuring terminological consistency, preserving the author's style, and conveying an understandable and natural text to the reader are covered. Also, using the example of translations into Turkish, the problems are considered from a practical perspective and ways to solve them are proposed.

This article is devoted to studying the importance of English-Uzbek translation exercises for students in the educational process. Translation exercises not only teach students to express their thoughts correctly in a foreign language, but also help them understand the linguistic and cultural differences between the two languages. The article considers the role of translation exercises in developing students' grammatical, lexical and stylistic skills. It also recommends methodological approaches to overcoming difficulties that arise in the translation process. It is emphasized that translation exercises in learning a foreign language increase students' interest in the language, develop their creative thinking skills and form communicative competence. This article is of theoretical and practical importance for teachers and linguists teaching English.

 This article discusses the specific characteristics of onomastic proverbs and sayings used in the Uzbek language, the cultural significance of toponyms, anthroponyms and other famous nouns found in them.

This article presents the methods of psychological analysis in the process of education of preschool children.

The article discusses the history and the development of Japanese poetry. Specifically, it examines in detail the characteristics of Man’yoshu, the oldest extant collection of Japanese waka poems, that was created in the Nara period, and of Hachidaishu the first eight imperial anthologies of Japanese waka poetry. Furthermore, it discusses the characteristics of waka poems.

This article explores the structural-semantic nuances involved in translating enantiosemy from Uzbek to English, particularly within the context of hadiths. Enantiosemy, where a word or phrase holds opposite meanings, poses unique challenges in translation, requiring careful semantic and structural considerations. This study delves into the complexities of such translations and offers insights into effective strategies for maintaining the original intent and meaning.

The innovation production process is important in modern economic and management systems. This process allows an organization or an economic sector to determine the effectiveness of innovative activities and to develop optimal production strategies from it. The evaluation methods are based on various indicators and take economic, technological, social and ecological quality. Methods such as statistical evaluations, economic modeling and benchmarking help to clearly define innovation analysis.

The German language distinguishes between formal and informal speech styles, which are essential in determining appropriate communication in various contexts. This article explores the differences between these speech styles, how they are used in everyday situations, and their implications in both written and spoken forms. By understanding formal and informal speech, language learners can navigate social and professional situations with greater ease, respect, and clarity.

This article discusses the formation, characteristics, and innovative and economic content of startups.

Xo’ja Ahror  Vali is known as a person who played an important role in the development of Islamic teachings and culture in his time. The waqf properties established by his descendants were important not only in religious, but also in social and economic life. Moreover, the preservation of these properties even today, their contribution to creating social stability in the society, and cultural value for the people of Turkestan its value as a legacy is discussed. The article once again confirms the role and importance of waqf institutions in Uzbek history by studying the descendants of Khoja Ahror Vali and their properties.

To develop students' knowledge, skills, and competencies regarding the system and forms of employee labor motivation in enterprises under strategic development conditions, the role of labor motivation in increasing work efficiency, and the ways to enhance the creative potential of enterprise personnel through the organization of labor motivation.

 The article describes ways to improve the quality of education of English teachers in general secondary schools through the use of innovative methods. The creative application of pedagogical innovations in mass pedagogical experiments is manifested at the initial stage of the work of individual teachers. These innovations are presented for public use after being tested and objectively evaluated.

This article examines the principles of language structure in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan and examines the influence of foreign languages, especially English and Russian, on the development of these languages. The mechanisms of borrowing, as well as lexical, syntactic and semantic changes that occur as a result of interaction with the English language are discussed. The article also focuses on the importance of maintaining linguistic identity in the context of globalization and suggests strategies to improve and enrich the Uzbek and Tajik languages ​​through the integration of English vocabulary and cultural values. By analyzing current trends, the authors aim to offer recommendations for further research in the field of linguistics and linguistics. Aspects of vocabulary enrichment, syntactic and semantic changes, as well as the potential for multilingualism and borrowings are highlighted. Strategies that can accelerate the process of adaptation and improvement of local languages ​​are also discussed, including the integration of foreign languages ​​into educational systems, the creation of platforms for knowledge sharing, and the support of cultural initiatives. The article highlights the importance of preserving linguistic identity in the context of globalization and the necessary attention to different aspects of linguistic change.

The article examines the importance of linguistics in contemporary society, focusing on several key aspects. Globalization and the increase in multilingualism increase the importance of studying linguistic change and its impact on cultural identities. The rapid development of technologies, including the Internet and social media, gives rise to new forms of communication and linguistic innovation. Research in the fields of neurolinguistics, sociolinguistics, and cognitive linguistics helps to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between language and thought. Linguistics  is also important in education, social justice, and identity studies. It is concluded that these disciplines will continue to be relevant and important for understanding communication and the cultural characteristics of humanity.

In the modern world, traditional media plays a key role in shaping the image of states in the international arena, and in turn, also at the global level. Broadcasting as one of the main instruments of states has a unique opportunity to broadcast the cultural, social and political values ​​of countries, creating their image in the eyes of the world community. An example of successful and modern use of broadcasting is a strong state in the Central Asian region - Uzbekistan, which in recent years has been developing broadcasting, media power and platforms at an even more active pace in order to strengthen its strong place and position in the international arena.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing English Language Teaching (ELT) by providing innovative tools and methods to enhance learning outcomes. AI-powered platforms such as chatbots, adaptive learning systems, and language-learning apps are transforming how learners interact with the language and how educators facilitate this process. These tools personalize learning experiences, increase engagement, and provide immediate feedback, catering to individual needs and abilities. This article explores the integration of AI in ELT, focusing on its applications, benefits, challenges, and future directions.

This article analyzes the problems of translating words and phrases taking into account cultural contexts. It is emphasized that not only linguistic, but also cultural factors play an important role in language translation. The authors reflect on the translation errors that arise due to differences between different cultures, the importance of pragmatic context and cultural background. The article also discusses successful translation strategies and methods taking into account cultural contexts. The importance of translating words and phrases in the correct context is revealed using practical examples.

In this article, the Harvard Step Test was used to determine the functional status of stroke patients. A special set of exercises was developed based on the physical condition of stroke patients for use in hippotherapy sessions.

The increasing prevalence of online learning platforms has transformed the educational landscape, particularly in teaching English as a Second Language (ESL). This study examines the effectiveness of such platforms by analyzing their pedagogical frameworks, user engagement, and learning outcomes. The results reveal that online learning platforms significantly enhance language acquisition through personalized content, interactive tools, and accessibility, although challenges such as technological barriers and lack of human interaction remain.

This article examines the problem of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in younger schoolchildren. Signs of early developmental delay and methods of diagnosing hyperactivity disorder are analyzed, as well as recommendations for parents on caring for children with attention deficit disorder

This article discusses the importance and methods of improving creative approaches in organizing scientific research activities. The need for multidisciplinary collaboration, innovative methodologies and the use of new technologies to increase the effectiveness of research is emphasized. It also emphasizes the importance of taking risks and learning from failures in scientific activities, the importance of teamwork, and the encouragement of creative approaches in creating a scientific environment. The article also discusses the role of global collaboration and intellectual property protection in increasing the effectiveness of scientific research. These approaches not only improve the quality of scientific research, but also help develop innovative solutions, which will lead to advanced results in the field of science and technology.

This paper  discusses the findings of  a research study concerning the use  of e-portfolios to  develop  learners' autonomy  and  independence,  from  the  perspectives of  teachers  and students participating  in  this  study.  The  findings demonstrate  many of  the  benefits of  e-portfolio  practice regarding  learners’  increased  sense  of  ownership,  teacher  and  peer  feedback, enriched  learning experience at both individual and technological levels, enhanced opportunity for self-improvement and increased awareness of the learning process. Despite many positive aspects of e-portfolios use, the  study  reveals some  challenges  facing  students, teachers  and  support  staff, mainly  connected with technical  problems  and Internet access, and the  necessity  for teachers and learners to  change their  roles  to  become  more  independent  in  the  learning  process.  The  author  concludes  that  e-portfolio is a promising tool to stimulate and challenge students to become independent  and  self-regulated learners that should be  implemented  in English  language  learning at  higher  educational institutions.

The article substantiated in real fluid contains 0.5-2.5% undissolved gases, which are known from the conducted studies. When calculating pressure pipelines for hydraulic shock in a gas-liquid flow, determining the velocity of propagation of a shock wave is of scientific importance. In this work, taking into account changes in the volumes (density) of gas and liquid with a change in pressure along the length of the discharge pipe, we determined the dependence of the velocity of propagation of shock pressure in a gas-liquid flow.

The article is devoted to the features and methods of teaching English to senior preschool children, the use of information resources in the educational process. The study characterizes the content and forms of work on developing English vocabulary in preschool children in modern conditions.

Creative writing plays a crucial role in English education, offering students an opportunity to enhance their linguistic, cognitive, and emotional development. This article examines the importance of integrating creative writing into English classes, highlighting its benefits for language acquisition, critical thinking, self-expression, and academic performance. The paper also explores the pedagogical approaches that can be used to foster creativity in students, as well as the long-term advantages that creative writing can have on their personal and academic growth.

Sleep is the main factor determining the quality of life of any person, especially students. In the conditions of the modern educational system, students are faced with a high academic load, which often leads to a lack of sleep. This causes deterioration of physical health, decreased mental performance and unstable emotional state.

This article analyzes the essence of business activity and its role in the development of our country and functions in the international arena. Researches were conducted on the existing problems and specific features of the entrepreneurial labor resources and production process of the states. Solutions to topical problems in business activities were sought. In the field of labor resources - international goods, various services, and natural resources - interrelationships have been studied in entrepreneurial activity. In the article, the financial, economic, and social factors of entrepreneurship, and the scope of entrepreneurship functions as a result of the expansion of the global-technological system on an economic scale, are clarified.

Cloud technologies are very important for enterprises today, offering efficient ways to store and use data. However, the presence of security risks in cloud networks and the need to protect these systems is also increasing. This thesis analyzes the main methodologies and tools for security monitoring in cloud networks, as well as provides recommendations for optimizing cloud security monitoring systems.

Humor pragmalinguistics is an interdisciplinary field that explores the intersection of humor, language, and context, examining how humor is created, conveyed, and interpreted through pragmatic and linguistic mechanisms. This article provides an overview of humor's role in communication, focusing on key concepts such as speech acts, implicature, conversational maxims, and face theory. It highlights how humor relies on the manipulation of language to generate incongruity, surprise, or irony, and how its meaning is shaped by the social, cultural, and situational context in which it occurs. The article also examines the role of shared knowledge and social identity in the co-construction of humor, as well as the challenges of humor translation across cultures and languages. By integrating insights from pragmatics, linguistics, and social interaction, this study offers a comprehensive understanding of how humor functions as both a social tool and a linguistic phenomenon, revealing its essential role in everyday communication and intercultural dialogue.

This article examines the relevance of using modern Internet technologies in teaching a foreign language, and also analyzes the importance and effectiveness of using web technologies in studying a foreign language both in class and in students' independent work. The author analyzes various points of view on the appropriateness of using information technology in teaching a foreign language and expresses a holistic position on this issue, supporting it with illustrative examples of the positive effect of using modern technologies.

This article provides the information about the level of physical and psychological endurance of participants in the Track and Field. It analyses methods, and which help to strengthen endurance, and physiological stress factors which athletes can face to  during the marathons and their influence  on psychological stability. Moreover, the article explains the importance of special activities, which should be done in the process of preparation, dietary habits and mental preparation in details. The results of research present practical suggestion about improving the score of  athletes and reduction on physical injuries.

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of the ladies' novel of the 90s, which gained special popularity in post-Soviet society and became one of the most sought-after genres among the female audience. The article explores the reasons why the ladies' novel became a cult novel, its role in the lives of women of that time, as well as the themes and images that attracted the attention of readers.

In this article, the poems of Abdulla Kadiri  «Wedding»,  «A Solution for My Nation»,  «On the Situation», «Think About It» express the thriftiness characteristic of the Turkic languages, its emotional and expressive functions, grammatical indicators of the essential, possessive, in cases of land with the reduction of person-number, imperative mood, agreement form, unmarked use, indefinite use of possessive cases, expression of degree, Related to the ancient Turkic language thinks about the emergence of savings.

This article gives full overview of defenition of the film discourse and aproaches to its study in modern linguistics.

In modern state educational policy, the priority of the personality of the subject and object of education is proclaimed; criteria of the modern personality are formed, among which the most important are spirituality, comprehensive development, healthy interests and needs (especially cognitive, value-oriented, intellectual and creative, self-educational, self-actualization and self-realization).

The multi-level systems of education provide the opportunity to determine not only an optimal form and content for a specific educational institution but also for a particular area of study. The article discusses important topics related to the preparation of content for teachers in primary education that aligns with the demands of modern times, ensuring the informatization and enrichment of education in the context of globalization, and the necessity to review its content.

 First aid is the initial care provided to an injured or ill person until professional medical assistance arrives. This vital skill can mean the difference between life and death, prevent further harm, and promote faster recovery. Understanding the principles of first aid, such as assessing the situation, prioritizing care, and performing basic techniques like CPR or wound management, is crucial in emergencies. This article explores the importance of first aid, common scenarios requiring immediate attention, and essential techniques everyone should know. It aims to empower individuals to act confidently and effectively in emergencies.

 Language acquisition requires more than just fluency; it is a fun adventure that fosters meaningful relationships along the way.

This article describes the methods and technologies used in the formation of reading knowledge in preschool children and the methods of carrying them out in preschool education organizations.

The text provides a comparative analysis of the features of English and Uzbek proverbs, highlighting their similarities and differences shaped by distinct cultural, historical, and linguistic contexts. English proverbs emphasize brevity, metaphorical language, and themes of individualism, pragmatism, and personal success. In contrast, Uzbek proverbs focus on collectivism, social harmony, and moral values rooted in Islamic philosophy. Both traditions use nature and animal imagery, but their metaphors reflect the unique environments of their origins. The analysis underscores the cultural significance of proverbs in preserving wisdom and offering life lessons across societies.

Conceptual metaphor theory serves as a fundamental tool for studying the complex relationship between language and thought. This theory shows how people express their experiences and concepts through metaphors and how they make sense of them. Embodiment, that is, the expression of abstract concepts through concrete, concrete images, is one of the important aspects of conceptual metaphors. This article provides information on the role and importance of embodiment in the theory of conceptual metaphor.

Types of innovative educational technologies and their application in mathematics.It is discussed about the use in sciences.

The article examines the main conditions for improving the social competence of future preschool educators. It defines the concepts of "competence", "social competence", "professional competence". It examines the pedagogical conditions and technologies for developing competence that contribute to improving the social competence of future preschool educators.

This article examines the identification, analysis, and management of financial risks in public finance management, emphasizing the challenges that governments face in maintaining fiscal stability. Effective public finance management is crucial for a government's ability to meet its social and economic objectives. However, it is often hindered by various types of financial risks, including revenue volatility, expenditure overruns, and debt-related risks. This paper provides a comprehensive framework for identifying these risks, analyzing their potential impacts, and implementing strategies to mitigate them. It reviews approaches such as fiscal buffers, diversification of revenue sources, debt restructuring, and regulatory safeguards that enhance resilience. By exploring case studies and best practices from different countries, the article aims to offer policymakers actionable insights to improve financial risk management and foster long-term fiscal sustainability.

This article discusses the forensic tactics of investigating murder, defamation, and human trafficking. It analyzes the main methods and approaches used in investigating these crimes, as well as the complexities that arise in the process of identifying and analyzing evidence.

This article covers the forensic characteristics of the crimes of embezzlement of other people's property. The main types of these crimes, the methods of their commission, and important factors in the investigation process are analyzed. Crimes of embezzlement of other people's property cause serious damage to the economic stability of society. The reasons for the commission of these crimes and the methods of their commission are complex, and their investigation requires high qualifications and special approaches. Forensic analysis methods are important in the in-depth study of these crimes and increasing the effectiveness of the investigation. This article examines the forensic characteristics of these crimes and the methods used in the investigation process. Important aspects of identifying and analyzing evidence are also covered.

В статье приведены результаты лингвокультурологического анализа английских, немецких и узбекских пословиц в ходе которого выявлены различия межъязыковой культуры.

Methods and methods of inclusive education for children with physical disabilities in preschool educational institutions.

Within the framework of the presented article, analytical work aimed at identifying the stages of development of technologization in education has been carried out. The results of the analysis have shown that the process of technologization of education has undergone several stages of evolution: technology, technologization, informatization and digitalization. These stages reflect the consistent development of the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the educational process.

The article is devoted to the topic "Phonetic difficulties of students learning Arabic as a foreign language" and analyzes the phonetic problems faced by foreign language students learning Arabic. The phonetic system of the Arabic language is significantly different from other languages, therefore, students learning Arabic as a foreign language face many difficulties, especially in phonetic aspects. This article studies the sounds of the Arabic language, their pronunciation, stress, intonation, phonemic differences and other phonetic features. In the process of learning Arabic, students mainly experience problems related to unclear pronunciation, difficulties in pronouncing certain sounds, and the specific phonetic structures of the Arabic language. The article considers the causes of these problems, methods of dealing with them, and methods aimed at improving students' phonetic skills.

This article studies and highlights the peculiar problems, achievements and shortcomings of modern Uzbek detective literature on the basis of Uzbek literature, folk oral creativity, Uzbek classical literature and examples of the 20th century.

The periodic table and the periodic law represent a cornerstone in the field of chemistry. Proposed by Dmitri Mendeleev in 1869, the periodic table organizes chemical elements based on their atomic masses, revealing a periodic repetition of their chemical and physical properties. Mendeleev's periodic law states that the properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic masses, a concept later refined by Moseley, who demonstrated that atomic numbers, rather than atomic masses, should define the periodicity of elements. This refinement led to the modern periodic table, which consists of 18 groups and 7 periods, classified according to atomic numbers. The periodic table not only enhances our understanding of element properties but also serves as a predictive tool for discovering new elements and compounds. Its significance extends beyond basic science, influencing fields such as material science, pharmaceuticals, and industrial applications, making it an indispensable resource in scientific research and technological advancements.

Investment projects play a pivotal role in the strategic growth and sustainability of organizations. Effective management of these projects requires a robust framework, combining theoretical insights and practical methodologies. This article delves into advanced approaches for managing investment projects, emphasizing economic efficiency evaluation techniques and their implications for organizational success.

This article discusses the analysis of the psyche of the main character of Batyr Firqa, the protagonist of Togay Murod's novel "You Can't Die in This World."

In this article, the religious orientation of Sufism is discussed. The concept of Sufism primarily argues that it has a significant impact on the prosperity of civilization and the historical and cultural development of all humans, particularly on their spiritual growth. According to the poet's writings, there are two ways to understand love or devotion to someone.

This article describes importance of authentic materials in English classes. This article says about advantages and disadvantages of using authentic materials and  many scholars have defined the term authentic materials in different ways but every definition has one common characteristic that authentic materials have exposure to real language and its usage in its own community. Authentic materials are mainly for communication among people.

This article discusses the importance and methods of improving creative approaches in organizing scientific research activities.

The effective popularization of methods for organizing the scientific and pedagogical activities of primary education master's students is an essential step in improving the quality of the educational process and supporting students' scientific involvement. There are several key approaches in this area that aim to enhance the quality of education and foster scientific activity in master’s students.

this article reflects on the modern technologies and methods of teaching mathematics.

This article is about the essence of correctional activities, covering the issues of integrating children with physical and mental disabilities into society, compensating for their shortcomings through education and correction.

This article is dedicated to the semantic analysis of Uzbek verbs. It examines the spatial and temporal dynamics of verbs as well as their lexical and grammatical characteristics.

This article provides information about the theory of education in special schools. There is information about oligophrenodidactics, theory of education and upbringing, special school, correction of defects, mentally retarded, special education, agriculture.

This article explores the linguo-cultural aspects of Y. Welti's small prose, focusing on the intricate relationship between language and culture as reflected in his works. Y. Welti, a renowned Swiss writer, is celebrated for his ability to encapsulate the ethos of Swiss life through concise narratives. The study examines how his small prose reflects cultural identity, values, and societal norms while employing linguistic elements that resonate with his cultural heritage. Drawing upon textual analysis and linguo-cultural theories, the article reveals the depth of cultural representation in Welti's prose and its contribution to Swiss literature.

The article examines the role of intellectual education in developing preschool children's thinking and moral qualities, emphasizing the teacher's role and balanced pedagogical approaches.

This scientific article presents the problems that hinder the ways to increase the efficiency of industrial sectors through the modernization of production in the regions of our country, as well as conclusions, recommendations, and proposals for solving this problem through the effective use of market mechanisms.

The article talks about the importance of sports of Uzbekistan in our national culture, the ongoing initiatives to attract young people to physical education and sports. Detailed information will be provided on how sports affect the physical and spiritual development of young people, especially the development of children's sports, the increase in the number of sports facilities, the rapid development of girls' sports, and the successes of our country in international sports arenas. The development of sports in Uzbekistan and the popularization of sports culture among young people, the role of physical education and sports in national development are emphasized. The article examines the study of the positive results of the programs and initiatives implemented in attracting young people to sports, as well as ways to further develop them..

Greenery is important both as a decorative and aesthetic factor. Trees, bushes, flowers organically combine and decorate streets, squares, residential districts with buildings and structures, and thus give a pleasant appearance, originality to cities and villages. Greening in urban planning is considered as an interdependent system of green areas of the city. In addition to the creation of large green areas - cultural and recreational parks where millions of city residents can relax, greening of residential areas, which have become an important part of the city's green system, is also developing.

This article discusses the importance and effectiveness of using artificial intelligence technologies in the process of learning and teaching Arabic. Platforms and programs based on artificial intelligence make the learning process easier and more effective by automating various learning resources, personalizing exercises, checking pronunciation, and creating interactive teaching opportunities. The article also analyzes the advantages and future prospects of teaching Arabic based on artificial intelligence technologies. These achievements, in addition to helping improve students' knowledge, are also important in facilitating the work of teachers.

this article highlights the valuable directiоn in the develоpment оf students' mоtivatiоnal field, as well as the internal pоssibilities оf pedagоgical-psychоlоgical influence in raising the yоung generatiоn tо becоme well-rоunded peоple in all respects.

This study examines the significance of a learner's native language in acquiring Russian as a second language (L2). While language acquisition is a multifaceted process, the learner’s first language (L1) plays a crucial role in the development of linguistic skills in Russian. This article reviews current theories of second language acquisition (SLA) and investigates how the transfer of linguistic structures from L1 to Russian influences both the learning process and the rate of acquisition. Based on a comparative analysis of phonological, syntactic, and semantic features across languages, this study proposes that leveraging L1 knowledge can expedite learning, especially when guided by targeted pedagogical strategies. The findings highlight that, when used effectively, native language structures can serve as cognitive tools that foster deeper comprehension and retention of Russian.

The article is devoted to the methodology of teaching the discipline "Economic Theory" in higher education institutions. Modern approaches, innovative technologies and methodological recommendations that contribute to improving the quality of teaching and assimilation of material by students are considered. Particular attention is paid to interactive teaching methods, the use of cases, role-playing games, and the use of digital technologies. The author emphasizes the importance of integrating theoretical knowledge with practical skills necessary for the training of highly qualified specialists.

In the current era of rapid economic development, resource scarcity or, rather, the emergence of global problems is becoming evident. The limitations of natural resources and issues related to their non-renewability significantly impact all areas of human activity, including economic activities. Scientific study of this problem began gaining popularity in the 1960s and 1970s. During this period, a new direction called "environmental economics" emerged in economic literature, based on the principles of traditional economics.
In the 1980s and 1990s, the science of ecological economics emerged as an alternative to solving environmental problems through narrow economic approaches and began to develop rapidly. In 1989, the "Green Economy Development Plan" was used by leading economists for the UK government.

This article discusses the sources of Arab folk tales, their historical, cultural and social foundations. Arab fairy tales are masterpieces of folk creativity formed over the centuries, which developed under the influence of different eras, regions and cultures. The article comprehensively analyzes the origin of fairy tales, their main types and genres, as well as issues related to such famous collections as "One Thousand Nights". It also highlights the universal value of Arab fairy tales, their importance in educating the younger generation, and the moral educational ideas contained in them.

Sports training planning is the anticipation of the conditions, means and methods of solving sports training tasks, sports results that the athlete should master.The correct planning of the training of athletes is to determine the main indicators of the training process based on the analysis of the characteristics of this contingent of athletes (or an individual athlete) and distribute them over time.

Polysemy, the phenomenon in which a single term holds multiple meanings, is a central feature of natural language that extends into specialized terminologies. While polysemy enriches general language by allowing flexibility and nuanced expression, it poses unique challenges in fields where precision and clarity are critical, such as science, medicine, technology, and engineering. This study investigates the manifestation of polysemy in terminology, emphasizing its features, its impact on conveying meaning, and strategies to address its challenges. Using a mixed-methods approach comprising literature reviews, case studies, and surveys with professionals from various disciplines, the research explores the dual nature of polysemy. Key findings reveal that polysemy enhances adaptability and linguistic creativity in specialized contexts. Terms like "model," "platform," or "stress" demonstrate how polysemy allows terminology to evolve with scientific and technological advancements. However, the study also highlights risks, such as misinterpretation and communication breakdowns, especially in interdisciplinary and cross-cultural exchanges. The study identifies three core features of polysemy in terminology: its context-dependency, which ensures meanings align with domain-specific requirements; its adaptability, enabling terms to remain relevant in rapidly changing fields; and its ambiguity, which can hinder precision. Practical solutions, including terminology standardization, contextual disambiguation, and domain-specific training, are proposed to mitigate these issues. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of how polysemy functions in specialized terminologies and its implications for meaning conveyance. It underscores the importance of balancing linguistic flexibility with the need for precision, offering insights for linguists, educators, and professionals seeking to optimize communication in specialized domains.

The article is devoted to the issues of business travel, such as business tourism, congress and exhibition and scientific tourism, related to the MICE industry. The historical background for the emergence and development of the business sphere is considered,tourism, features of incentive tourism.The specifics of incentive tourism are outlined, the types and goals of incentive programs are determined. Statistical data provided the current state of the MICE industry market. Using the example of organizing a visiting seminar event, the article shows all aspects of its implementation within the framework of business tourism.

This article studies the content of the investment environment, the need for its financing, the process and functions, the system of investment promotion, sources and factors affecting it, the impact of state regulation of investment financing. Also, the sources of investment financing and the structural structure of their resources are analyzed.

The article presents practical proposals and recommendations for the consolidation of state finances, the most important indicators characterizing the state of the country's economy and social sphere, as well as new reforms aimed at ensuring the stability of state budget revenues, the optimal ratio and integrity of their sources of formation.

Modern teaching techniques and technologies are becoming more and more well-known, and there are also new chances linked to the development of interpersonal contact. This article explores innovative teaching strategies designed to enhance English language proficiency among learners. It examines the limitations of traditional methods and proposes the integration of technology, learner-centered approaches, and authentic communication tasks to foster more effective language acquisition. The article also discusses the importance of incorporating formative assessment and providing constructive feedback to maximize learning outcomes.

Grammar instruction for non-native speakers is essential to language learning, although it can be difficult. These include variances in past grammatical knowledge, cultural differences, student motivation, and linguistic diversity. This article examines these issues and offers workable solutions, including technological integration, communicative techniques, and contextualized instruction. With the help of these techniques, grammar training should become more efficient and learner-centered, giving non-native speakers the tools they need to communicate effectively and with proper grammar.

Current on the day in the province soil-climate conditions and village farm crops requirements attention received without one row agro-meliorative , agrotechnical and agrochemical measures complex done is being increased . As a result , irrigated of soils reclamation-ecological status improve , their fertility level and village economy crops productivity is rising . This article in the district various at the level salty of soils properties and prevent to take measure to events dedicated

The STEAM technology in preschool education organizations plays a crucial role in the development of children’s intellectual and creative potential. Through this technology, children develop an interest in learning about science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics. It also fosters problem-solving skills and the ability to think independently.

The article reveals the pedagogical conditions for the formation of communicative competence among students.

This article describes the methodology for familiarizing schoolchildren with professions and the formation of interest in choosing a profession in them. The article analyzes techniques such as providing readers with extensive information about professions, demonstrating professions through practice, identifying their interests through personal approaches, and challenging stereotypes about professions. In order for students to be successful in the career selection process, the role of educators and career consultants is highlighted. The article demonstrates the importance of forming correct ideas about professions and motivating them, calling on students to explore methodological approaches aimed at helping them choose their path in the future.

This article is devoted to the goals and objectives of Uzbekistan's participation in the TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) study to assess and develop the quality of education at the international level. Through the TIMSS study, students' knowledge and skills in mathematics and natural sciences, logical thinking skills, and their compliance with international standards are studied. The study is an important platform for improving the quality of education in Uzbekistan, improving teaching methodologies, and updating curricula based on international requirements. This article covers the main goals, objectives, the essence of the research process, and the possibilities of using its results.

This article will talk about the structure and characteristics of tapeworms and roundworms, which are considered parasitic animals.These animals are called parasites because they feed on ready-made nutrients in the human body and cause damage to the body.The article provides information on the morphological and biological characteristics of parasites.The number of helminths in the population continues to develop day by day.With helminths, mainly children are affected.

This article examines the national concept of "mustaqillik" (independence) as the cornerstone of Uzbekistan's state ideology during Islam Karimov’s presidency following the country's declaration of independence in 1991. Beyond political sovereignty, this ideology shaped Uzbekistan's economic, foreign policy, and cultural trajectories. In economics, the "Uzbek Economic Model" emphasized state control, economic protectionism, and import substitution, achieving stability but at the cost of low productivity and persistent corruption. The "defensive self-sufficiency" foreign policy aimed to maintain parity, avoid alliances, and reject expansionist ideologies while addressing regional security challenges, particularly in Afghanistan. Culturally, the regime sought to craft a secular national identity centered on historical figures, such as Amir Timur, and the revival of pre-Islamic traditions, alongside selective accommodation of Islamic heritage. The study highlights how these policies reflected and reinforced Karimov’s vision of a sovereign Uzbekistan, balancing stability with the limitations of state-centric governance.

Childhood behavior disorders are complex conditions influenced by a myriad of psychological factors. This article explores the various psychological elements that contribute to the development and manifestation of behavior disorders in children. "Difficult" children are the result of pedagogical neglect. It should be noted that for children with difficult upbringing, the role of the environment, family, the team they study in, and the class is very important, and this issue is discussed in detail in the article.

This article explores the development of epistolary genre and its peculiarities in world literature. The epistolary genre, which is distinguished by the use of letters, diary entries, and other kinds of correspondence, has a long and varied history in global literature. This distinct narrative approach allows for intimate glimpses into the thoughts and feelings of the characters, establishing a direct link between the author and the reader. The evolution of the epistolary genre reflects greater cultural, social, and technical shifts across time. The paper aims to examine the stages of its development in comparison with the early epistolary works in world literature, particularly English and Uzbek literature.

The article describes the scientific research works and methods used in practice to increase the professional creativity of primary education teachers.

This article provides information about the fact that in the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century, the Kashkadarya region was part of the Bukhara Emirate, the functioning of traditional schools in the region during this period, and the educational systems in these schools.

The article widely covers thoughts about the important historical roots of the spiritual and moral education of Alisher Navoi.

This article contains information about competence, the formation of professional competence, as well as the opinions of scientists about the concept of competence.

the article focuses on training in the competitive period is to maintain athletic form throughout the entire period of participation in major competitions and create conditions for its maximum implementation in sports achievements. Glycolytic power the main factors that ensure the achievement of high sports results in sambo wrestling distinguish competitive and transitional periods. Technology of load planning at the pre-competition stage of preparation of the national team of Uzbekistan in sambo wrestling for the World Championship, taking into account the individual characteristics of technical and tactical and physical fitness.

The first feature of education is that it is a multifaceted process, in which school, family, children and youth organizations, neighborhood, general public, cinema, theater, television, literature and art participate.

Weightlifting, a competitive sport that tests an individual’s strength and technique, has a deep connection with the cultural, social, and physical dimensions of societies worldwide. From its ancient origins to its contemporary practice, weightlifting has evolved into more than just a sport, becoming a powerful tool for building discipline, confidence, and community. This article explores the social role of weightlifting, highlighting its influence on individual health, empowerment, and societal perceptions of physical strength. We examine the historical context, the modern evolution of the sport, and how weightlifting contributes to the social fabric, particularly in fostering inclusivity and resilience among individuals.

Pre-school education develops a child's self-awareness, the formation of the concept of thrift and self-control, prepares conditions that give him the opportunity to express himself, helps him to become a self-confident, independent person. 

This in the article digital of the economy world on a scale development trends , its main principles and various of countries experiences analysis Digital​​ economy economic of processes efficiency improvement , innovation current to grow and economic stability in providing important role plays . In the article developing in countries digital of technologies economic to indicators impact and from them use level is illuminated .

The integration of modern medical technologies into healthcare systems has led to significant advancements in medical outcomes, patient care, and overall societal well-being. This paper explores the socio-economic effects of adopting these innovations, focusing on their benefits, challenges, and long-term implications. Through examining various case studies and statistical analyses, the paper highlights how modern technologies contribute to economic growth, improve public health, and reshape the healthcare industry.

In this article is described an adjective can precede a corresponding noun on a prepositive basis or it can follow a corresponding noun on a postpositive basis. Structural, contextual, and style considerations can impinge on the pre-or post-position of an adjective in a given instance of its occurrence.

This study examines the lexical-semantic features of state verbs in the Uzbek language, focusing on their classification, usage patterns, and literary applications. Through an in-depth analysis of a corpus of Uzbek literary works, nine distinct categories of state verbs were identified. These categories encompass a wide range of states, from continuous existence and action results to psychological states and figurative expressions. The analysis reveals the intricate semantic structure of these verbs and their significant role in expressing nuanced meanings and creating vivid imagery in literary works. Furthermore, the study highlights the cultural and cognitive underpinnings of these verb categories, demonstrating how the Uzbek language reflects unique ways of perceiving and expressing states of being.

 this article describes the methods of organizing the educational process carried out in the “Art” development centers for teaching children the fine arts in preschool educational organizations.

Today, the problem of developing leadership skills in children is an important task facing not only parents, but also preschool teachers. The problem of developing leadership skills is one of the main problems faced by employees of children's institutions.  That is why the article provides information on identifying and developing leadership skills of preschool children.