Tics disorders are a pressing issue due to their high incidence, reaching 1–6% in the pediatric population, comorbidity with attention deficit disorder, stereotypies, anxiety, learning disabilities, mood swings, and sleep disorders. The article discusses new provisions of ICD-11 on the transfer of tics and Tourette syndrome (TS) from the section of mental disorders to the neurological section. The main pathogenetic model is an imbalance of dopamine, GABA, and glutamate mediators in the cortex-thalamus- striatum -cortex system. We have discovered for the first time electromyographic patterns of tics, which include spindle-shaped and diamond-shaped burst activity, which allows us to objectify the severity and prognosis of the disease, as well as expand our understanding of the neurophysiological aspects of tics. According to electromyography data, clear differences were found between the groups of patients with motor, motor-vocal tics and TS, the parameters of the initial background of muscle bioelectric activity, the number of serial (cluster) volleys and their amplitude showed a direct correlation with the severity of hyperkinesis according to the Yale tic severity scale YGSST. Aminophenylbutyric acid can be used as a first-line drug at the onset of tics in preschool and primary school children. At the stage of symptom expression, it is advisable to begin treatment with Anvifen , in the absence of symptom dynamics, switch to treatment with anticonvulsants and neuroleptics.

hyperkinesis, motor tics, vocal tics, Tourette syndrome.

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