Many students struggle to absorb vocabulary in English-language classrooms, despite its importance in foreign language learning. Words carry meaning, and expanding your vocabulary helps you reduce misunderstandings in communication. This study examines how innovative vocabulary teaching methods, such as exercises, games, presentations, a variety types of playing of roles, using dictionary, and integrated learning, can improve vocabulary acquisition for ESL learners.

ESL learners, playing roles, communicative competence, mental strategy

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