This article analyzes the historical stages, social and environmental consequences of the new land development policy implemented during the Soviet Union. Particularly detailed is how this policy, which began in 1954, was implemented in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and other regions. During the study, analytical approaches were used based on historical documents, statistics and modern scientific sources. The article highlights the short-term achievements and long-term negative consequences of new land development policies, showing aspects that today can serve as lessons for Agrarian Policy.

Soviet Union, New Land Development, Nikita Khrushchev, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, desert regions, farming, environmental consequences, Island tragedy, historical analysis.

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