Radioactive radiation is a powerful physical factor that exerts both direct and indirect effects on living tissues. Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation interact with matter by ionizing atoms and molecules, which causes significant damage to cellular structures. Ionizing radiation is particularly hazardous as it can break DNA strands, induce genetic mutations, disrupt the cell cycle, and trigger apoptosis. These processes may lead to the development of cancer, immune system suppression, hematologic disorders, and other serious pathologies

This topic provides a comprehensive analysis of the types of radioactive radiation, their physical characteristics, and their molecular mechanisms of interaction with biological tissues. It also examines short- and long-term exposure effects, sensitivity variations based on age and genetics, and the cumulative risks of radiation. The scientific insights from this analysis contribute to improving preventive strategies, enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, and ensuring radiation safety. Additionally, the topic covers protective equipment, individual dosimetry, cellular resistance mechanisms, and international safety regulations.

radioactive radiation, alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, ionizing radiation, cell structure, DNA damage, cellular mutation, free radicals, apoptosis, cancer, genetic alterations, tissue regeneration, radiation dose, biological effect, radiation sickness, protective equipment, molecular analysis, radiation safety, international standards

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