This article talks about the theoretical basis and interdisciplinary character of sociolinguistics, focusing on how it relates to social sciences like sociology, ethnography, and social psychology. It looks at how language and society affect each other, focusing on how language shapes identity, communication, and cultural continuity. The idea of language standardization, the several types of languages (ancient, local, pidgin, and artificial), and the history of sociolinguistic theory are all given special emphasis. There is a discussion of what I.A. Baudouin de Courtenay and other important scholars have done. The essay also talks about how important sociolinguistics is for understanding language policy, language planning, and the social and cultural setting in which language is used.

sociolinguistics, language and society, standardization, language types, identity, Baudouin de Courtenay.

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