This article explores the cognitive characteristics of orthonyms, focusing on their role in language comprehension and processing. Orthonyms, words that are spelled and pronounced the same but have different meanings, present unique challenges and opportunities in cognitive linguistics. The study analyzes how the human mind distinguishes and interprets these words in various contexts, contributing to a deeper understanding of semantic ambiguity and mental lexicon organization. The findings have implications for language teaching, translation, and artificial intelligence applications.

orthonyms, cognitive features, semantic ambiguity, language comprehension, mental lexicon, polysemy, context, linguistic processing

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