Articles
| Open Access | MINING AND METALLURGICAL INDUSTRY IN ANTIQUITY AND THE MIDDLE AGES IN WRITTEN SOURCES
Husan Niyozovich Ziyayev , Doctoral Student at Samarkand State UniversityAbstract
This article examines written sources related to the mining and metallurgical industries in the territory of Uzbekistan during ancient and medieval times. In particular, it explores information from the first written source on the history of Central Asia — the Avesta — as well as data from the works of medieval historians such as al-Tabari and Abu Rayhan al-Biruni. The article discusses the earliest metal coins, precious stones, and trade routes that facilitated the exchange of goods and culture.
Keywords
Rakhta-Ishtar, Mithra, Panjakent, Konimekh, Yaghnob, Matcha, metal, copper, iron, lead, tin, resin, asbestos, gold, silver, turquoise, brass.
References
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