Gender tolerance represents a critical psychological construct encompassing attitudes toward gender diversity and non-conforming expressions. This review examines contemporary psychological research on gender tolerance, analyzing theoretical frameworks and empirical findings from international studies including post-Soviet regions.A comprehensive literature review was conducted examining peer-reviewed articles published between 2018-2025 from international psychology journals and regional studies. Research reveals significant cultural variations, with Russia, Estonia and Ukraine leading gender research among post-Soviet states, while Central Asian countries show limited output. Gender tolerance is influenced by cultural values, education, urbanization, and exposure to diversity. Studies highlight the necessity for gender-sensitive mental health and culturally appropriate interventions. Gender tolerance requires culturally sensitive measurement approaches. Significant research gaps exist in Central Asian countries where traditional gender attitudes remain prevalent, indicating need for expanded cross-cultural studies.

Gender tolerance, psychological research, gender diversity, cross-cultural psychology, mental health, gender attitudes, transgender psychology, post-Soviet countries, social psychology, gender identity

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