This article explores the syntactic parallels and divergences among three prominent Altaic languages: Uzbek, Korean, and Japanese. Drawing on historical linguistics and structural typology, the study examines sentence order, subject-verb agreement, particle use, and honorific constructions. While the three languages share SOV (subject-object-verb) structure and agglutinative morphology, their grammar systems also display distinct features shaped by geography, contact, and cultural evolution. This comparative approach contributes to understanding how typologically similar languages evolved under different sociolinguistic conditions. This study provides a comprehensive syntactic comparison of three languages historically associated with the Altaic family: Uzbek (Turkic branch), Korean (isolate with Altaic features), and Japanese (Japonic with Altaic influences). Through contrastive analysis of sentence structure, morphological typology, and grammatical particles, the research identifies both shared features (SOV word order, agglutination) and divergent patterns (case marking, honorific systems). The findings challenge traditional Altaic classifications while revealing meaningful syntactic parallels that facilitate interlinguistic comprehension. Data is drawn from native speaker interviews, corpus analysis, and historical texts.

Altaic languages, Uzbek, Korean, Japanese, syntax, sentence structure, agglutination, SOV order, language typology, Altaic languages, comparative syntax, Uzbek grammar, Korean sentence structure, Japanese linguistics, agglutinative languages.

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