This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of trade tariffs on international economic relations and national economies. It explores how the proper application of tariffs can stimulate domestic production, create new jobs, and increase government revenues. At the same time, it examines the negative consequences tariffs can bring, such as rising prices of imported goods, disruptions in supply chains, and a slowdown in global trade. The study uses real-world examples from countries such as the United States, China, and India to illustrate how tariff policies influence economic growth. The author emphasizes the importance of balanced tariff regulation, strengthening international trade agreements, and ensuring trade stability through institutions like the World Trade Organization.

trade tariffs, international economy, domestic production, supply chain, global trade, economic policy.

Presidential Proclamation on Adjusting Imports of Steel into the United States (https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-proclamation-adjusting-imports-steel-united-states/).

Impacts on Global Trade and Income of Current Trade Disputes (https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/685941532023153019/impacts-on-global-trade-and-income-of-current-trade-disputes).

World Bank cuts global growth forecast as trade tensions heighten uncertainty (https://www.reuters.com/world/china/world-bank-slashes-global-growth-forecast-trade-tensions-bite-2025-06-10/?utm_source=chatgpt.com).

Fact Sheet: President Donald J. Trump Declares National Emergency to Increase our Competitive Edge, Protect our Sovereignty, and Strengthen our National and Economic Security (https://www.whitehouse.gov/fact-sheets/2025/04/fact-sheet-president-donald-j-trump-declares-national-emergency-to-increase-our-competitive-edge-protect-our-sovereignty-and-strengthen-our-national-and-economic-security/).

Full list of Trump’s tariffs: a country-by-country look after the 90-day pause (https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/apr/09/trump-tariffs-list-pause).