This article examines the dynamics of supply and demand for personnel in the modern labor market, focusing on the structural and functional mismatches between workforce availability and employer needs. It explores key factors such as educational output, skill development, technological change, demographic trends, and economic restructuring that influence labor market equilibrium. The study analyzes both quantitative and qualitative aspects of labor supply and demand, with case examples from various countries to highlight global patterns and national specifics. Special emphasis is placed on the gap between graduates’ qualifications and job requirements, the challenges of youth employment, and the effects of automation on occupational demand. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at better aligning education, training systems, and labor market needs to support inclusive and sustainable employment growth.

Labor market, personnel supply, personnel demand, employment mismatch, workforce development, skill gap, human capital, vocational education, unemployment, education-to-employment transition

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