Peri-implantitis is a destructive inflammatory condition affecting the soft and hard tissues around osseointegrated dental implants, often leading to implant failure. With the increasing popularity of dental implants, peri-implant diseases have become a major clinical challenge. This paper provides an updated overview of peri-implantitis, including its etiology, risk factors, and clinical presentation. A stepwise clinical algorithm for both prevention and treatment is proposed, based on current evidence and international consensus guidelines.

peri-implantitis, dental implant, mucositis, bone loss, oral microbiome, risk management, surgical decontamination, maintenance protocol

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