Ovarian tumors represent a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with diverse pathomorphological characteristics that significantly impact diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decisions. Understanding the detailed morphological features is crucial for accurate classification and optimal patient management. To analyze the pathomorphological characteristics of ovarian tumors, examine their distribution patterns, and correlate morphological features with clinical outcomes. A retrospective analysis of 847 ovarian tumor cases was conducted over a 5-year period, examining histopathological features, immunohistochemical profiles, and clinical correlations. Epithelial tumors comprised 75.2% of cases, followed by sex cord-stromal tumors (12.8%) and germ cell tumors (8.1%). Serous carcinomas showed the highest grade of nuclear atypia and mitotic activity, while mucinous tumors demonstrated characteristic intestinal-type epithelium in 68% of cases.

Ovarian tumors, pathomorphology, histopathology, ovarian neoplasms, tumor classification, benign ovarian tumors, malignant ovarian tumors, tumor grading, histological types, morphological features, epithelial ovarian cancer.

Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209-249.

WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. Female genital tumours. Lyon (France): International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2020. (WHO classification of tumours series, 5th ed.; vol. 4).

Kurman RJ, Carcangiu ML, Herrington CS, Young RH. WHO Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs. 4th ed. Lyon: IARC Press; 2014.

Prat J, FIGO Committee on Gynecologic Oncology. Staging classification for cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, and peritoneum. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014;124(1):1-5.

Torre LA, Trabert B, DeSantis CE, et al. Ovarian cancer statistics, 2018. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018;68(4):284-296.

Bowtell DD, Böhm S, Ahmed AA, et al. Rethinking ovarian cancer II: reducing mortality from high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Nat Rev Cancer. 2015;15(11):668-679.

Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Integrated genomic analyses of ovarian carcinoma. Nature. 2011;474(7353):609-615.

Karnezis AN, Cho KR, Gilks CB, et al. The disparate origins of ovarian cancers: pathogenesis and prevention strategies. Nat Rev Cancer. 2017;17(1):65-74.

Köbel M, Kalloger SE, Boyd N, et al. Ovarian carcinoma subtypes are different diseases: implications for biomarker studies. PLoS Med. 2008;5(12):e232.

Gilks CB, Ionescu DN, Kalloger SE, et al. Tumor cell type can be reproducibly diagnosed and is of independent prognostic significance in patients with maximally debulked ovarian carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2008;39(8):1239-1251.

Soslow RA, Han G, Park KJ, et al. Morphologic patterns associated with BRCA1 and BRCA2 genotype in ovarian carcinoma. Mod Pathol. 2012;25(4):625-636.

Vang R, Shih IeM, Kurman RJ. Ovarian low-grade and high-grade serous carcinoma: pathogenesis, clinicopathologic and molecular biologic features, and diagnostic problems. Adv Anat Pathol. 2009;16(5):267-282.

McCluggage WG. Morphological subtypes of ovarian carcinoma: a review with emphasis on new developments and pathogenesis. Pathology. 2011;43(5):420-432.

Rambau PF, Duggan MA, Ghatage P, et al. Significant frequency of MSH2/MSH6 abnormality in ovarian endometrioid carcinoma supports histotype-specific Lynch syndrome screening in ovarian carcinomas. Histopathology. 2016;69(2):288-297.

Anglesio MS, Carey MS, Köbel M, et al. Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: a report from the first Ovarian Clear Cell Symposium, June 24th, 2010. Gynecol Oncol. 2011;121(2):407-415.