This article explores theoretical and practical challenges in compiling a bilingual Russian–Uzbek ideographical dictionary. Unlike alphabetical dictionaries, it classifies words by semantic fields, highlighting issues such as semantic asymmetry, polysemy, and cultural specificity. The study shows that many concepts lack direct equivalents due to linguistic and cultural differences. Russian often has finer lexical distinctions in certain domains, while Uzbek includes culture-bound terms without Russian counterparts. Addressing these asymmetries requires explanatory notes, cross-referencing, and ethnolinguistic commentary. The creation of such a dictionary would combine European semantic models with Uzbek cultural categories and is valuable for comparative linguistics, translation, bilingual education, and cultural preservation.

bilingual lexicography, ideographical dictionary, Russian–Uzbek, semantic fields, cultural specificity.

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