This paper explores the phenomenon of ellipsis as one of the most complex and multifaceted aspects of syntax. It examines its semantic, grammatical, and pragmatic features, emphasizing the criteria that distinguish ellipsis from other types of incomplete constructions-such as semantic completeness, recoverability, and communicative integrity.

The study traces various approaches to ellipsis in Russian, English, and Uzbek linguistic traditions, analyzing perspectives from functional-pragmatic, formal-structural, and cognitive frameworks. Special attention is given to the works of C. Bally, A. Martinet, V. A. Zvegintsev, L. S. Barkhudarov, P. A. Lekant, and F. E. Ibragimova, among others, highlighting the diversity of interpretations across linguistic schools.

The paper also considers the stylistic role of ellipsis in literature, particularly in Ernest Hemingway’s “iceberg style,” where omission serves to create tension, authenticity, and expressive economy. Difficulties in translating elliptical constructions are discussed, focusing on the need to preserve the brevity and stylistic effect of the original text.

ellipsis, incomplete sentences, syntactic reduction, expressiveness, cognitive approach, pragmatics, E. Hemingway, translation.

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