Bone tissue is a dynamic and vital component of the human body that provides mechanical support, protects internal organs, and serves as a reservoir for minerals such as calcium and phosphorus. Beyond its structural role, bone participates in metabolic and hematopoietic functions. The processes of bone growth and regeneration are continuous throughout life, involving a complex interaction of cells, hormones, and molecular signals. Understanding these mechanisms is fundamental for improving clinical outcomes in fracture healing and orthopedic treatments.This study summarizes data from recent histological and physiological research on bone growth and repair. The mechanisms of endochondral and intramembranous ossification were analyzed, focusing on the function of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. The influence of vascularization, hormonal balance, and nutritional factors such as vitamin D and calcium on the regeneration process was also evaluated.Bone regeneration occurs in several stages, beginning with hematoma formation, followed by soft and hard callus development, and culminating in remodeling. Cellular activity during these stages determines the mechanical strength and biological stability of the regenerated bone. Studies show that adequate mineral supply and hormonal regulation significantly accelerate the healing process and improve bone density. Bone growth and regeneration depend on a precise balance between bone resorption and formation. Factors such as age, nutrition, and mechanical load influence the speed and quality of recovery. Advances in stem-cell therapy, biomaterials, and molecular medicine have opened new prospects for enhancing bone regeneration. Further research into the genetic and molecular regulation of osteogenesis will contribute to developing more effective regenerative treatments.

bone tissue, ossification, regeneration, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, remodeling, osteogenesis, histology, fracture healing.

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