This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of stress on women’s reproductive health and its clinical significance. Reproductive health is a state that reflects the harmonious functioning of hormonal, physiological, and psychological balance in a woman’s body, directly determining her fertility potential. Research shows that chronic stress suppresses the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian (HPO) axis, reduces the secretion of gonadotropic hormones (FSH, LH), and consequently leads to ovulation disorders, menstrual irregularities or amenorrhea, infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and endometriosis. Furthermore, during stress, the levels of cortisol and prolactin increase, disrupting the balance of estrogen and progesterone, which exacerbates reproductive dysfunctions. The article examines in detail the physiological, hormonal, and psychological mechanisms of stress, their effects on the female body, and approaches to reducing stress and restoring reproductive health through psychological, medical, and lifestyle-based interventions. In conclusion, it is emphasized that controlling stress and creating a mentally healthy environment are key preventive factors in maintaining women’s reproductive health.

Stress, women’s reproductive health, hormonal balance, hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis, cortisol, infertility, menstrual irregularities, endocrine system, psychological factors, reproductive dysfunction.

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