"Deciphering the Elements: A Comprehensive Examination of Factors Influencing Menu Design for Airline Catering" delves into the multifaceted aspects influencing menu design in the context of airline catering. Drawing on a diverse array of factors, this study investigates the intricate interplay between culinary considerations, logistical constraints, passenger preferences, and branding strategies. Through a combination of industry insights, expert opinions, and empirical data, the research uncovers the pivotal elements shaping menu design decisions for airlines. By elucidating these factors, the study offers valuable insights to stakeholders in the airline industry, including caterers, menu planners, and airline executives, facilitating the creation of optimized and passenger-centric inflight dining experiences.

This study explores the importance of sensory experiences in hospitality and how they contribute to elevating hotel appeal through multisensory experiences. In the highly competitive hospitality industry, hotels are increasingly focusing on creating immersive environments that engage guests' senses to enhance their overall experience. This paper examines various sensory elements, including sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch, and their role in shaping guests' perceptions and emotions during their stay. By integrating sensory design principles into hotel spaces, amenities, and services, hotels can create memorable and immersive experiences that resonate with guests on a deeper level. Drawing on theoretical frameworks and practical examples, this study highlights the significance of sensory delights in hospitality and provides insights into effective strategies for enhancing hotel appeal through multisensory experiences.

"Sculpting Success: The Economic Impact of Specialized Sculpture on Local Tourism Development" investigates how specialized sculpture initiatives influence local tourism development. Through quantitative analysis and case studies, this research examines the economic effects of investing in sculpture projects on local economies. Findings reveal significant contributions to revenue generation, job creation, and infrastructure development, positioning sculpture as a catalyst for economic growth and community development in tourism destinations. Moreover, this study explores how specialized sculpture enhances destination appeal, fosters community pride, and promotes sustainable tourism. The insights from this research offer valuable guidance for policymakers and tourism stakeholders seeking to leverage sculpture for economic and cultural enrichment.

Interest in the role played by artificial intelligence has increased in various fields, including the field of management in general and the service sector in particular, as most institutions seek to achieve first ranks in the level of competition.

The research aims to identify the impact of knowledge management in light of artificial intelligence on improving the performance of the hotel organization. The case of the Rotana Babel five-star hotel in Baghdad was studied and a questionnaire was used to collect data for the research, which included 50 workers in the hotel at all job levels. The results showed the clear impact of knowledge management and artificial intelligence in improving  Hotel performance: The study recommended paying attention to the applications of artificial intelligence and its use in knowledge management in the hotel.

The current study aims to investigate the impact of servant leadership on guest happiness in hotel organizations in the Baghdad Governorate. The study focuses on five hotels: Coral Baghdad, Palestine Meridian, Degla Al Khair, Crystal Grand Ishtar, Babel, and Warwick. The research methodology employed is the descriptive-analytical method. The research problem concerns several questions, with the main question being: "What is the role of servant leadership in achieving guest happiness?" The study formulates two hypotheses, tested using correlation and influence analysis in the (SPSSV—23) software to address this central question and related questions. The data for the analysis is collected through a distributed questionnaire. A total of (50) questionnaires were issued to the participants of the study. Out of these, only (47) were collected and examined in a manner relevant to the research topic. The analysis and statistical treatment involved the use of several appropriate statistical methods, including frequency distribution, graphical shapes, percentages, weighted arithmetic mean, standard deviation, relative importance (answer intensity), simple Pearson correlation coefficient, simple linear regression coefficient, F test (F-test), and coefficient of determination R2. After testing the hypotheses, he reached several results, including:-

1. Servant leadership contributes to guest happiness through its behavior by presenting the interests of the guests and making it a priority over the interests of the self.
2. Leaders of hotel organizations deal with guests fairly and transparently.

The research presented several recommendations, the most important of which are:

1. Work to guide guests during the visit to openness, acceptance of others, and integration into community activities.
2. Servant leaders must allow guests to participate in the decision-making process regarding the details of the tourism program.

One minor but rapidly growing subset of the tourism business, educational tourism, is helping local economies thrive. Educational tourism boosts local economies by bringing in more tourists who spend money on lodging, dining out, and transportation. These visitors come from around the globe, including students, teachers, and researchers. In addition to increasing direct spending, this flood of tourists generates income, opens doors to new cultures, and helps fund the improvement of local infrastructure.

The increasing worldwide exposure and collaboration of educational institutions are not just expanding academic programs and research prospects, but also enriching the local culture. Educational tourists, known for their longer stays and deeper immersion in the local culture, are like cultural ambassadors, bringing a unique flavor to the local companies and contributing more financially. Their presence is not just a boost to the economy, but also a celebration of diversity and cultural exchange.

Recognizing the potential for economic growth, governments and commercial entities are strategically enhancing their educational offerings to attract more educational tourists. This, in turn, drives investment in the local education sector, creating a cycle of continuous improvement and long-term financial gains. The lasting benefits of this approach are not just economic, but also social and cultural, making it a wise investment for the future.

Ultimately, educational tourism is a game-changer for local economies, boosting growth through increased spending, new jobs, cultural interaction, and infrastructure upgrades. Economic sustainability and improved global connectivity can be achieved by communities that make use of this sector.