The lexical system of Turkic languages including Azerbaijani has a perfect structure. One of the important layers of the lexical system is the military lexicon.

The art of war in the Turkish peoples has been so strong that the terms related to this field have influenced other languages and entered the lexicon of those languages. Example; N.A. Baskakov, while talking about words of Turkish origin in "Epic about Igor Polku" noted that military terms of Turkish origin are also in this epic: "tarkhan, suvar, bogatur, alptarkhan, kazartarkhan, etc."

 The military lexicon in M. Kashgari's "Divan" has an indispensable role in the study of the military history of the Turkish peoples. In this sense it is very important to review the military lexicon in "Divan". For example; Im - the certificate, password that the commander told the soldiers. It can be a weapon, the name of a bird or a word. This parable also uses: "The husband will not die if he knows the password" - the husband who knows the secret (password, code word) will not die.

This word is used in the Azerbaijani language as part of the word "him" in the sense of "sign" (him-jim): to make him, to make him-jim, to make him. B. Khalilov writes about this word: "... the word im is the same as the word him-cim in the Azerbaijani language. E.g.: the word "himjim" in the sentence "him-jim does not know" means "sign, evidence". The consonant h in the word him-cim (h~c) was later added to the beginning of the word im.

Most of the ethnographic words in Mahmud Kashgari's "Divanü lüğat-it-turk" are not used in our literary language. Words that have lost their functionality in our literary language cannot be found in our dialects and dialects either. Ethnographic words that are not used in our literary language are related to different fields. Ethnographic words related to military and title are considered in the article. Although the military lexicon of the Azerbaijani language has been studied to a certain extent, and there is a trilingual dictionary related to this field, there is still a need for substantial scientific research.

It is extremely important to study the vocabulary of the language, including following the historical development of the military lexicon, determining its volume and quality. If this is not the case, then it will be very difficult to reveal the qualitative change, functionality and functional service of the military lexicon from the semantic point of view. Although the military lexicon is sufficiently used in the written monuments belonging to the Turkish peoples, there is a great need for their systematization, explanation and research.

This article covers technological processes such as the preparation of castings, manual forming, machine forming, automatic forming flow, core preparation, cooling, ejection and cleaning of castings, special methods of obtaining castings, casting according to soluble patterns, casting in a shell form, pressure casting, and centrifugal casting

The role of women's poetry in the Uzbek and Chinese literary environment of the twentieth century is incomparable. Especially the famous poetess, publisher and translator, beloved daughter of the Uzbek people Zulfiyakhanim and the famous prose writer, poetess, teacher and translator Xie Bing Xin, comparing their poems with linguistic-poetic analysis and revealing the creative environment of the country, the possibilities of verbal expression of the Uzbek and Chinese languages, all linguistic means aesthetically used by poets, the individual styles of creators and the worlds of artistic thinking, we will literally reproduce in original colors the dreams, goals, problems and experiences of women of the twentieth century, their inner world. Until now, many works and scientific studies have been carried out on the works of Zulfiya and Bing Xin in our native language and in various foreign languages. However, the poems and creative world of these two mature poets have not been studied deeply from a comparative linguistic and poetic point of view. In this article, their work is not only subjected to comparative linguistic and poetic analysis, but also new translations are made and the artistic discoveries of the two poetic schools are described in detail.

In this article, poets’ poems about “nature” are subjected to comparative linguapoetic analysis, and their stylistic features are described. Based on the characteristics of linguistic means, poetic arts, rhetorical questions, movements, phraseological units, the system of images expressing the connotative meaning used in their works, based on the characteristics of two languages, based on their poems on the theme of “spring” was studied comparatively.

This study presents a comprehensive linguocognitive analysis of tourism terms in English, Uzbek, and Russian languages, aimed at uncovering the cognitive and cultural foundations that shape the formation and use of tourism terminology, as well as the similarities and differences in the linguistic and conceptual representations of tourism-related concepts across these three languages.

The study employed a qualitative approach, focusing on the analysis of a corpus of tourism-related texts in the three languages. The identified tourism terms were examined to determine the cognitive and semantic mechanisms underlying their formation and conceptualization, including the use of conceptual metaphors, conceptual metonymy, and conceptual blending. The tourism terms in English, Uzbek, and Russian were then compared to identify similarities, differences, and unique characteristics in the linguistic and conceptual representations of tourism-related concepts.

The findings reveal the widespread use of conceptual metaphors, metonymy, and blending in the tourism terminology across the three languages. The analysis also highlights the interplay between the global and local aspects of tourism terminology, where universal concepts coexist with culturally-specific representations. These insights have implications for more effective communication and cultural mediation in the tourism industry, as well as the development of tourism-related educational and training materials that incorporate linguocognitive perspectives.

The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the linguistic and cognitive dynamics within the tourism industry, and informs more effective communication strategies and educational practices in this rapidly evolving field.

In the written article,you can find out about the reasons for the origin of the 2tip form of diabetes mellitus,the symptoms of the disease and the methods of its treatment, what medications are used in the disease.It is considered a disease that develops day by day.

The article discusses the main methods of solving the problems faced by students when learning Chinese at advanced levels. The author analyzes typical difficulties, including grammatical and lexical aspects, and the peculiarities of perception of complex hieroglyphs and tones. Various techniques are described, such as the use of mnemonics, interval repetition, as well as techniques aimed at improving understanding and pronunciation. Recommendations for teachers aimed at individualizing the approach to each student and the use of modern technologies in teaching are also proposed.

This article explores the collaboration between state and non-state entities in the field of cybersecurity, focusing on the regulatory frameworks that underpin these partnerships. As cyber threats become increasingly sophisticated and pervasive, effective cooperation between governments, private sector organizations, and non-governmental entities is essential for enhancing overall cybersecurity resilience. The paper examines key examples of successful collaborations, such as partnerships between national cybersecurity agencies and private companies, as well as international initiatives that foster information sharing and best practices. It also addresses the challenges and obstacles faced in establishing effective cooperation, including regulatory discrepancies, trust issues, and the dynamic nature of cyber threats. By highlighting the importance of structured collaboration and proposing potential regulatory solutions, this article aims to contribute to the ongoing dialogue on improving cybersecurity strategies and frameworks globally.

This article explores the structure and functions of diplomatic missions, which serve as essential representatives of a state in foreign countries. Diplomatic missions are primarily composed of an ambassador, who leads the mission and represents the country at the highest level, along with various diplomatic staff, including first, second, and third secretaries, and consuls responsible for protecting citizens and providing consular services. Additionally, administrative and technical personnel support the day-to-day operations of the mission, while security staff ensure the safety of the premises and its employees.The article outlines the core functions of diplomatic missions, which include conducting diplomatic relations, protecting the rights and interests of citizens abroad, facilitating information exchange between states, and participating in international treaties and agreements. Furthermore, diplomatic missions engage in cultural and social activities to promote their country's culture and values. By examining the intricate roles and responsibilities of diplomatic missions, this article highlights their vital contribution to international relations and the protection of national interests in a global context.

Through this article, psychodiagnostics and the development of psychodiagnostic knowledge in the period before its formation as a field of psychological research are covered. A study was conducted in order to study the appearance of some signs of the child's mental state and personality characteristics. The data obtained in the study are of an auxiliary character and were used in comparison with the actual observed characteristics of the child's behavior, his mental functions, and the level of development.

This article examines the influence of music on cognitive functions and emotional state. The mechanisms of music perception, its effect on memory, attention and mood are investigated. Various genres and their specific effects on humans are also considered.

The article discusses the role of folk songs in the education of young people. Getting to know your national culture. The structure of personality, the place of children's folklore among younger schoolchildren, purposeful pedagogical processes of formation and integration of moral qualities are discussed.

in the article the types of Uzbek folk songs and their ideological-artistic features and educational significance. There have been talks about the Manavi and material way of life of the people, and their goyavi-artistic characteristics, criteria of morality, past, present and future, as an important tool in the manifestation of interest and aspirations and educational morality in Manavi life.

 this article describes the specific features of the procedure for reflecting the results of the audit of fixed assets in the auditor's report.

Alisher Navoi, a towering figure of classical Eastern literature, intricately conveys universal values and his era’s cultural ideals through his “Khamsa” epic. The onomastics—study of names and their meanings—in “Farhod and Shirin” provides valuable insights into Navoi’s social, moral, and aesthetic perspectives. This article explores the onomastic elements in “Farhod and Shirin,” examining how character names, place names, and their symbolic meanings enhance the story’s depth and thematic impact.

 the article covers the issues of socialization of young people in the process of globalization, the importance and psychological characteristics of the development of these skills in them, the role and significance of social and psychological conditions created in higher education institutions in the formation of youth social skills analysis, the benefits of the development of social skills through factors such as

 Information about the chemical composition and healing properties of lemon has been cited. The cited data was based on scientific sources.

The strategy of reforming the banking system of the Republic of Uzbekistan includes the comprehensive transformation of commercial banks with a state share, the introduction of modern banking standards, information technologies and software products, the sale of the package of state shares in banks to investors with the necessary experience and knowledge on a competitive basis, as well as reduction of the state's share in the banking sector by simultaneously reforming the existing commercial banks and enterprises with a state share is defined as the priority directions of the reform of the country's banking system. It is one of the important issues waiting for a solution to improve the efficiency of digital project management in commercial banks.

As we have seen in the first chapter of this research work, in the whole world, including in our country, speech culture and the art of public speaking are closely related to each other, for the speaker, fluent and beautiful, clear and comprehensible, meaningful and weighty output of speech, and most importantly, having great influence The profession of a speechwriter has a long history. In the Middle Ages in our country, the traditions that were the basis and core of the art of speech, such as eloquence and preaching, and in some sense, the primitive form of diplomacy, flourished rapidly and took an important place in state administration, and in turn, in political processes. Also, in communicating with the people, managing the masses, convincing them and following them, they acted as a special "political weapon" of the rulers.

The article mainly focuses on computer graphics, graphic programs and general information about them, their capabilities. Information about the development history of computer graphics and 3D computer graphics, Maya, Paint 3D, SketchUP, Substance 3D Painter is given.

This article is about the progress of chemical reactions, their difference from analytical chemical reactions, the difference in the observation of an effect in analytical chemical reactions (precipitation or melting of the precipitate, gas formation, color change, etc.). information provided.

in this article, work with gifted students, the student's ability to gain knowledge, gain experience and apply it in independent practical activities, the characteristics of the environment and activities that affect their development, the directions of working with gifted students, the development of giftedness classification according to types of activity, work on developing talent in children, information that illuminates the uniqueness of the formation of a team of talented students in primary education, recommendations for identifying and developing the talent of students from the primary education stage and proposals are detailed.

This article covers the concept, etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical appearance, complications, treatment methods and, as a consequence, prevention, dispensarization of inflammatory diseases of the colon (on the example of nospecific ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease) in a fully modern way.Currently, fatty bowel diseases are among the diseases that develop day by day.The causes of the origin of the disease are much more numerous.Various drugs have been developed for colon diseases.

The text of this article describes the processes of capitalization of mental labor in the path of human development and progress. Theoretical views on the nature of human capital in the twenty-first century, its place in the world market, problems of labor resources in the region where the state is located and private factors, structural elements of human capital are philosophically analyzed.

             The problems of human capital migration in Central Asia are studied. In it, practical and theoretical concepts in the principles of socio-economic and financial system space form the central basis.

            Human capital, labor force, organizational elements of the market of means of production and organic relations between them are formed in the labor resources of the world economy. At the same time, a solution was sought for global-technological changes on a global scale, issues in the economic-financial system of the socio-cultural system of the region.

This article examines strategies for effective digital management of social media marketing services in higher education institutions. Social media platforms have become an important tool for strengthening relationships with students, their parents, and the community. Digital technologies, including artificial intelligence and Big Data, help improve the individual approach to higher education and effectively manage marketing processes. This article analyzes methods of audience segmentation, creative content creation, and optimization of marketing campaigns. Also, ways to develop the brand of educational institutions and increase their competitiveness in the global education market will be shown through various platforms.

the text in this article is the main importance of communication, this opinion, expressed at the moment when textual linguistics has just begun to form as a separate field of science, has not yet lost its significance. the phenomena of the speech process, the educational significance of the works of folk oral creativity, the cognitive and discursive analysis of works related to folk oral creativity are expressed.

Linguistics and text grammar consider the laws of the general structure of a text, its formal structure and mechanisms, connections between sentences, paragraphs and complex syntactic units. Hence, the object of Text Linguistics is the tools and categories of text creation.

In this article, the procedure and specific aspects of conducting income audits in culture and art institutions are covered by the author. In addition, proposals and recommendations on the procedure for conducting the audit were developed.

The article discusses the tradition of mentoring in the relationship between a teacher and students of a variety and circus college in modern conditions.

This thesis deals with traditions and rituals associated with master-apprentice relationships in traditional crafts.

This article will clarify changes  in the demands  of  education  require innovation and  creativity  in  the learning process. With the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the field of education  to help process daily activities including teaching and learning.  The objective  f this  study  is to  investigate  Artificial Intelligence  (AI)  in  education, especially  in  the  teaching  and  learning  process.  This  research also uses  library research.

This article provides information on the formation of professional and personal competence, moral values, military-patriotic moral qualities, a sense of duty to the Motherland, manifestations of personal dedication and dedication in protecting its interests.

This article describes the trade and economic relations of the Khorezm state with the territories of the Volga region and Southern Siberia in the X – XIII centuries, as well as the process of converting these territories to Islam and the role of the Khorezmians in this process. In general, the problem of the role of Khorezm in the Muslimization of the territories of the Volga region and Southern Siberia in the X – XIII centuries. Currently, it is one of the urgent problems of the history not only of Uzbekistan, but also of the peoples of Central Asia, and there is no definitive study on this topic. In this regard, this article analyzes the topic of the role of Khorezm in the Muslimization of the territories of the Volga region and Southern Siberia in the X – XIII centuries and draws conclusions based on data from various sources.

 The article presents opinions on the system of higher education, its importance in the development of society and reforms in this area, as well as current issues of ensuring the effectiveness of higher education.

This article explores the sociolinguistic approach to enhancing communicative competence among high school students in English language teaching. It discusses the theoretical underpinnings of sociolinguistics, its relevance in developing language skills, and practical strategies for classroom implementation. The article emphasizes the need for curricula that incorporate sociolinguistic contexts to prepare students for effective communication in diverse environments. It concludes with recommendations for educators and further research in this field.

 Linguocognitive analysis is one of the main areas of modern linguistics, focused on studying the connection between language and human cognitive processes.Linguocognitive methods contribute to a deeper understanding of how language reflects the organization of knowledge and perception of reality, as well as how different meanings arise and are perceived in the mind of the native speaker. This article analyzes the key methods of linguocognitive analysis.

The concept of translating false speech acts with a focus on presupposition introduces complexities that involve maintaining the implicit assumptions or background knowledge of the original utterance, even when those assumptions are not aligned with reality (i.e., they are false). The pragmatic potential of presupposition in translating false speech acts lies in how the presuppositions influence communication and interpretation, despite their falsity.

The evolution of communication, particularly through the integration of stable expressions, phrases, and fixed lexical combinations, has significantly shaped the development of speech culture and communication processes. A key area of study in modern linguistics focuses on evaluating the quality of phraseological unit usage, exploring classification methods, and establishing systematization approaches that align with the stylistic and contextual features of these linguistic elements. This article explores the gradual functions of phraseologisms from a semantic perspective in contemporary linguistics. Additionally, it examines the complexities of their semantic structure, their contextual relevance, and their use across various modes of communication.

Linguistic register, the variation in language use based on context, audience, and purpose, is a critical component of effective communication, especially for EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students. This article discusses the importance of teaching linguistic register in EFL classrooms, emphasizing how it helps students navigate formal, informal, and neutral settings appropriately. Key strategies such as role-play exercises, vocabulary-building activities, authentic material analysis, and writing tasks are outlined to aid in the teaching of register. These techniques not only enhance students' language adaptability but also build cross-cultural awareness, preparing them for real-life interactions in varied English-speaking environments.

Linguistic register, the variation in language use based on context, audience, and purpose, is a critical component of effective communication, especially for EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students. This article discusses the importance of teaching linguistic register in EFL classrooms, emphasizing how it helps students navigate formal, informal, and neutral settings appropriately. Key strategies such as role-play exercises, vocabulary-building activities, authentic material analysis, and writing tasks are outlined to aid in the teaching of register. These techniques not only enhance students' language adaptability but also build cross-cultural awareness, preparing them for real-life interactions in varied English-speaking environments.

В статье представлено глубокое исследование одного из значимых произведений Теодора Драйзера — романа "Американская трагедия". Автор сосредотачивается на анализе ключевых тем и мотивов, раскрывающих трагический путь Клайда Гриффитса. Особое внимание уделяется социально-экономическим условиям, которые формируют поведение и выбор главного героя, а также исследуются психологические аспекты его характера.Материал будет полезен литературоведам, культурологам и широкому кругу читателей, интересующихся творчеством Теодора Драйзера и проблемами, затронутыми в его знаковом романе "Американская трагедия".

This article examines the impact of technology-based language teaching on learners' engagement, motivation, and language acquisition. With the integration of digital tools, such as language learning apps, online platforms, and multimedia resources, the traditional language learning environment has evolved to provide interactive and personalized learning experiences. The article highlights how technology supports diverse learning styles, increases accessibility, and fosters collaborative learning. Additionally, it explores the challenges faced by both educators and students in adapting to these technological innovations, as well as the potential benefits in terms of increased language proficiency and student satisfaction. Through a review of relevant studies and practical applications, the article provides a comprehensive overview of how technology enhances language learning in the modern classroom.

This article examines the international experience in implementing and utilizing green standards in tourism. The study reviews green standards and certifications that have international status as well as those used in different countries around the world. Key principles of sustainable tourism are identified. The author analyzes existing programs and initiatives aimed at promoting the development of sustainable tourism. Author concludes on the necessity of more active implementation of green standards in the industry to preserve the environment and attract environmentally conscious tourists.

This article is dedicated to studying international practices in advocacy and the potential for their application in Uzbekistan. It examines international trends such as the legal foundations of advocacy, the independence of lawyers, and their rights in protecting the interests of clients. The article proposes methods for adapting international experiences to develop advocacy in Uzbekistan and integrating these practices into national legislation. In particular, it considers ways to strengthen the independence of lawyers, enhance their professional training and qualifications, and improve the functioning of advocacy structures.

This article analyzes the state policy in the fight against corruption in our country and the process of its implementation. It also provides information about global best practices, successful cases implemented in other countries, and their outcomes. The main focus is on the differences and similarities between national and international experiences in introducing effective mechanisms to combat corruption. This article can be useful for researchers, political scientists, and specialists working in the field of anti-corruption efforts.

This article covers the anatomy,diseases of the triplet nerve.Ternary nerve disorders have now increased significantly.

The article outlines the prospects for the development of the professional education system. Based on the experience of foreign countries, the tasks of improvement were analyzed. Opinions and views on training young people in professions and launching project incubators in this regard, bringing new modern professions into practice in the conditions of the market economy were presented.

The article analyzes the scientific, pedagogical and innovative ways of increasing the efficiency of using ICT in the professional education system, and in this regard, the reforms implemented in the professional education system and their prospects are described.

This article outlines the meaning of understanding gender equality in the context of the national mentality and national way of life, which represent a unique culture.

The study of human capital's influence on the income of the population has become increasingly crucial in understanding the dynamics of economic growth and development. Human capital, encompassing the skills, knowledge, health, and abilities of individuals, is a fundamental driver of productivity and innovation within an economy. This paper explores the theoretical and conceptual foundations of evaluating how human capital impacts the income levels of the population, with a particular focus on its contribution to economic progress. The paper begins by examining the definition and components of human capital, considering its importance not only in the labor market but also in influencing broader societal outcomes

The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has transformed multiple industries, enhancing productivity, automation, and data-driven insights. However, IoT’s integration into everyday operations also presents new security challenges. This paper examines the role and significance of IoT in information security, focusing on how IoT both improves and complicates the information security landscape. The paper discusses key vulnerabilities, strategies for strengthening IoT security, and the implications of IoT’s evolving role in the security domain.

Studying the problem of the prevalence of the carious process in the white spot stage and the level of development of care in modern dental practice led to the introduction of the most innovative method of treating this disease - dental infiltration with the “Icon” system. The article provides a detailed review of the literature on this topic over the past 5 years and presents a clinical case with an indicative aesthetic and functional result.

The article presents pedagogical strategies for preparing students for professional activity in professional education.

Gender sensitivity remains a critical issue in many societies, and Uzbek families are no exception. This study examines the prevailing challenges related to gender sensitivity in modern Uzbek households, exploring how traditional norms and contemporary influences intersect. Using qualitative and quantitative data, this research highlights disparities in gender roles, decision-making power, and cultural expectations within Uzbek families. Findings suggest that while some progress is being made, traditional gender expectations still heavily influence family dynamics, leading to gender inequality in various aspects of family life. Recommendations for promoting gender sensitivity within this cultural context are provided.

In New Uzbekistan, at a time when women are making a significant contribution to the development of society and their leadership skills are being demonstrated in every aspect, there are still problems related to women's issues, crime, migration issues, and fanaticism. In order to eliminate such negative situations, at the initiative of the head of our state, first of all, in order to create conditions that can help women, the Decree "On measures to radically improve activities in the field of supporting women and strengthening the institution of the family" was adopted. It analyzed the initial steps to consistently implement work on gender equality.

Nowadays the usage of innovative technologies in the methodology of teaching foreign language has become increasingly necessary. This article is about information and communication technologies in education, and the topic of information technologies in education is one of the most relevant topics in today's developing era. Currently, it is increasingly difficult to meet the individual needs of students with traditional teaching methods, and for this reason, it is appropriate to further develop modern teaching methods, discuss their issues and use them effectively in the course of the lesson.

This article examines the efficiency of various liquid-based solar collectors, focusing on their thermal performance and the impact of selective surfaces on energy absorption. Liquid-based collectors, including flat-plate, evacuated tube, and concentrating collectors, are evaluated for their ability to convert solar radiation into usable thermal energy. Key parameters such as heat transfer efficiency, temperature differentials, and fluid dynamics are analyzed to determine optimal operating conditions. Additionally, the role of selective coatings—designed to enhance solar absorption while minimizing thermal radiation losses—is explored. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to improve renewable energy systems and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

The article is devoted to the study of national and cultural features of personal names of Karakalpaks. Personal names reflect the peculiarities of the mentality of each nation. There are linguistic characterological features of a certain brightness for conceptualization of mental features presented in the systems of personal names. The Karakalpak system of personal names carries a unique national imagery of thinking, which is most clearly manifested in the internal form of semantically transparent personal names. National specificity is most clearly manifested in the analysis of personal names with a transparent internal form and names formed as a result of metaphorical transfers.

The early translators of Central Asia are considered our first translators who greatly contributed to enriching our ancient culture. These prominent thinkers and scholars, such as Abu Nasr al-Farabi, Abu Ali ibn Sina, Abu Rayhan al-Beruni, Mahmud al-Kashgari, and Mahmud al-Zamakhshari, made significant contributions to world science, including mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, natural sciences, and linguistics, as well as in the field of translation.

In the article, the goal and task of introducing Ziziphus jujuba Mill., to the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the economic importance of its cultivation, and the methods of cultivation in field conditions were analyzed. Many medicinal properties of unabi fruit have been mentioned.

The effective management of social projects is critical to achieving meaningful social impact and sustainable development. This topic explores the key principles, methodologies, and tools necessary for the successful planning, execution, and evaluation of social initiatives. It highlights the importance of stakeholder engagement, resource mobilization, and continuous monitoring to ensure projects address community needs and achieve intended outcomes. Additionally, it delves into challenges such as resource constraints, cultural considerations, and measuring social impact, offering strategies to overcome these barriers. Understanding these dynamics is essential for project managers, non-profit organizations, and policymakers aiming to drive social change effectively.

This article discussion the role of media education in the educational process of young people, the specifications of media education and the methods and effectiveness of its organization. 

In the current era of globalization, various gadgets that emit magnetic fields provide benefits to humans but also pose serious health risks. Like all organisms on Earth, the human body possesses its own electromagnetic field, often referred to as a biofield. This article explores how electromagnetic fields affect the internal organs of the human body.

This article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations of load normalization in educational and mass sports activities. The research analyzes existing approaches to load regulation, focusing on their scientific basis and practical application. Through comprehensive literature analysis, the study explores effective methods for optimizing physical loads in various demographics and activity types.

This article examines the low start technique in short-distance running through comprehensive literature analysis. The study focuses on biomechanical aspects, historical development, and technical components of the low start position. The research synthesizes existing knowledge from various international sources to provide insights into optimal starting techniques for sprinters.

This article examines the theoretical and methodological aspects of teaching handball techniques and tactics to university students. Through comprehensive literature analysis, the study explores effective teaching methods, technical elements, and tactical approaches in handball education at the higher education level.

This article examines the current state and prospects for improving social protection mechanisms for women in Uzbekistan within the framework of sustainable development. The research analyzes existing legislative frameworks, institutional mechanisms, and social policies aimed at protecting women's rights and interests. Through comprehensive literature review and analysis of secondary data, the study identifies key challenges and proposes recommendations for enhancing social protection systems for women in Uzbekistan.

This article examines the theoretical foundations and methodological approaches in international martial arts, analyzing their development, training principles, and modern educational methods. The research synthesizes existing literature on martial arts pedagogy, technical training methodologies, and psychological preparation aspects, providing a comprehensive overview of current academic understanding in this field.

This article examines the theoretical foundations and methodological approaches in international martial arts, analyzing their development, training principles, and modern educational methods. The research synthesizes existing literature on martial arts pedagogy, technical training methodologies, and psychological preparation aspects, providing a comprehensive overview of current academic understanding in this field.

Trichiasis is a disease of the visual organ, accompanied by an abnormal direction of eyelash growth. Clinically, the pathology is manifested by hyperemia of the eyes, photophobia, pain in the area of the orbit projection, increased lacrimation. Diagnosis of trichiasis includes collecting an anamnesis, conducting an external examination, biomicroscopy, and visometry. Minimally invasive (diathermocoagulation, electrolysis, argonlaser coagulation, cryotherapy) or operative techniques are used for treatment. The essence of surgical intervention is reduced to a through resection of the area with the wrong direction of eyelash growth. For generalized trichiasis, reconstructive surgery is recommended.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the meaning of the Uzbek language in the context of the development and international cooperation between Uzbekistan and Turkey. This article examines the role of the Uzbek language in strengthening the national identity of Uzbekistan, its importance for education, science and economic development, as well as its impact on the development of bilateral relations with Turkey. The article emphasizes the importance of the Uzbek language for deepening historical and cultural ties, the development of tourism, education and scientific cooperation. It analyzes the prospects for the development of the Uzbek language, including the impact of new technologies, the creation of new educational materials and international recognition of the language. The article also highlights the challenges and solutions related to the development of the Uzbek language in an international context. In conclusion, the important role of the Uzbek language as an instrument of mutual understanding, cultural exchange and successful international cooperation is emphasized.

This article talks about the conditions and mechanisms of using pedagogical innovations in the educational process.

This article talks about the coverage of “Mechanisms of improving pedagogical conditions” using innovative teaching methods in higher military education.

This article is devoted to the study of modern technologies for teaching Uzbek language and literature in Inclusive Education. The study of these subjects with the help of digital technologists and computer programs is covered. In addition, interest in the study of subjects is the main factor. aimed at comparing foreign methods and literature.

This article examines the pedagogical ideas of the great classic Chingiz Aitmatov, his views on current pedagogical problems. The article also provides an analysis of the artistic reflection of such an important element of Chingiz Aitmatov's pedagogical thought as the continuity of generations. It is noted that the writer addresses this important issue both in journalism and in artistic creativity.

This article will be devoted to the study and development of the subjects of the native language and literature. The study of these subjects with the help of digital technologists and computer programs is covered. In addition, interest in the study of subjects is the main factor. Aspects of intercultural communication and Linguistics, the study of the Uzbek language and the difficulties, problems faced in this. Harmonization of foreign methods and methods aimed at studying these disciplines.

Introductory words are actively used in texts of different styles, which play a minor role, but violate the integrity of the sentence and thus create a "ragged syntax". Hence, there is a large number of punctuation errors in the written works of schoolchildren.

This study examines cross-cultural differences in students' use and perception of humor and its impact on the Russian translation process. Humor plays an important role in intercultural communication, promoting both socialization and cultural understanding. The results of the study show that humor is often influenced by cultural context, making correct translation difficult. Students noted that some forms of humor, such as puns and irony, lose their impact in translation, while others, such as funny situations, are more universal.

For this academic research, I picked Fatima, one of my students in the ninth grade at school in order identify and correct Fotima’s grammar mistakes. During the interview, I learned important information about her academics, as well as her personality and history. Fatima is sixteen years old. She has been learning English since she was a youngster since she was obsessed with mastering the English language.

The article discusses the possibilities and prospects of using the STREAM approach in teaching Russian as a foreign language. Examples of the use of STREAM, including robotics, are given, and prospects are outlined, such as the development of artificial intelligence and augmented reality in education, as well as the creation of international educational communities.

in this article, the  issue of  hemeronyms  included  in  the  macroscope of  ideonyms  in Uzbek linguistics was addressed and the role of holidays in society was discussed.

This article is devoted to the problems of studying the problems between humankind and environment by the American writer Stephen Crane in " Mаggie- а girl  of streets”. The author of the article tried to write based on the articles of many scientists and  his own scientific researches to cover these issues.

The article describes the effective method of using fairy tale therapy in primary classes of children of special educational institutions. The benefits of fairy tale therapy are described. Information about the types of fairy tales used in fairy tale therapy is provided.

This paper investigates the solution of the problem for two-dimensional wave equation in a circle.

In linguistics, grammatical number is a morphological category characterized by the expression of quantity through inflection or agreement. Modern English like most other languages distinguishes two numbers: singular and plural. The meaning of singular and plural seems to be self-explanatory, that is the opposition: one and more than one. With all this, expression of number in different classes of English nouns presents certain difficulties for a foreigner to master.

The purpose of learning the written language in high school is to develop students' communicative competence in writing, which includes possession of written characters, content and form of the written works of the speech.

In this article, the main goal of the formation and development of social and household skills is to help students with mental retardation in specialized auxiliary schools, boarding schools to use the knowledge, skills and qualifications acquired at school to start an independent life after graduation, to successfully adapt to it, and to develop their mental activity. ways to develop the formation as reliably as possible are indicated.

This article explores various technologies that enhance communication competence, including online learning platforms, video conferencing, social networks, simulation and virtual reality, forums, mobile applications, gamification, and language learning tools, highlighting their role in developing effective communication skills in educational and professional contexts.  

Economically growing Uzbekistan is gradually transitioning to a market economy system. Our main task is to effectively use the mechanisms of the market economy and create a competitive

environment. This essay examines the methods of establishing the market mechanisms in Uzbekistan.

The article is devoted to the effectiveness of the use of advanced experience of foreign countries in providing rural people with new jobs for the development of domestic tourism in Uzbekistan

The acticle gives information about the importance of learning a language  and how to improve the level of  vocabulary in order to  honing language proficiency. Furthermore, we will review methods of enhancing vocabulary and some ideas highlighted by several scholars. In the end, we will choose the best method according to the research results.

The article examines the theoretical-methodological basis of improving the methodology of development of bioethical knowledge of higher medical students, pedagogical mechanisms and technological basis of development. Also, an integrative method of developing medical-ecological competence in medical university students were analyzed.

Artificial intelligence is currently bringing about revolutionary changes in the field of Medicine. This technology has great potential in the areas of diagnostics, treatment process, data analysis and Prevention. Artificial intelligence can be used to detect diseases early, individualize treatment plans, create drugs, and analyze large medical data sets. It helps physicians diagnose patients quickly and accurately while optimizing the process of making medical decisions. In addition, artificial intelligence is also improving surgical practices using medical equipment and a robotic system. These scientific and technological advances will serve to improve the quality of Medicine and improve human health in the future.

This article explores three effective ways to translate biotechnological texts into the English language. The suggestions are solely based on the ideas of prominent linguists and researchers in this field. The author explores basic transformations needed in the translation process to reach adequacy and equivalence.

In this article, the pedagogical foundations, organizational-methodical conditions, factors that have a negative effect on the effective organization of distance training and their elimination are covered.

This article explores the new opportunities provided by the digital economy for young people and how they can make the most of them. Digital technologies and the internet simplify young people's access to economic activities, offering opportunities to pursue education, entrepreneurship, create new jobs, and enhance skills. The paper analyzes factors that help youth succeed in the digital economy based on government programs and international experiences.

This article highlights the concept and types of efficiency of the activities of executive authorities. The definitions given by scientists and practitioners to such concepts as efficiency and effectiveness are studied and analyzed. A clear definition of the effectiveness of the activities of executive authorities has been developed by the author of this article. Based on the results of the local and foreign research works of famous scholars in this field, conclusions were drawn, relevant proposals and recommendations were developed.

The content of the subjects in the curriculum of the "Cybersport" type in sports schools, Olympic reserve specialized children's and youth sports schools, republican youth sports schools of higher skill is highlighted.

Agricultural drought causes many economic and social problems in various communities. Advanced Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques play a significant role in the mapping and monitoring of agricultural drought. The main objective of this paper is to monitor agricultural drought using a remote sensing-based vegetation health index (VHI) derived from Landsat 8 during 2020 and 2021. VHI was calculated based on temperature condition (VCI) and thermal condition of vegetation (TCI). Both indices were generated from Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and land surface temperature (LST) data respectively. The result indicates that there is no any  extreme drought occurred  in the research area. The VHI classes demostrates that large area of study site faced drought from moderate to mild from 2020 to 2021. Mild drought, covering an area, 50.2 percent in 2020 while 64.5 percent in 2021 was registered all across Mezohegyes. This is due to the rising of NDVI from 0.46 in 2020 to 0.55 in 2021 whereas LST decreased slightly from 62^oC to 51^oC respectively.

Land resources are limited in all countries, it can be said that it is a non-renewable natural resource. The main task is to use them wisely and their effectiveness. According to the strategy, the economic development of any country, agriculture is one of the priorities of the national economy.

Correct implementation of specialization is an important condition for increasing production efficiency. It originates from the general economic laws of the market economy, such as the law of division of labor, the growth of labor productivity, and the replacement of types of labor. Reasonable placement of agricultural crops helps to dramatically increase labor productivity, profitability and income of the farm.

Youth is the future of every society, its hope and strength. Meaningful organization of their free time is important not only for personal development, but also for the social and cultural life of society. It plays an important role in the meaningful organization of free time of young people in the neighborhoods, increasing their social activity, strengthening their health and improving their spiritual and moral education.

 The article analyzes the main periods of development of landscape architecture of ancient times. The factors that influenced the formation of architectural planning solutions and styles in landscape architecture are given.  Attention is paid to compositional techniques for the development of urban planning and landscape architecture.  The materials of the article are aimed at future architecture specialists.

The article considers the influence of natural climatic conditions, socio-cultural-geographical, urban planning, economic and ecological-landscape factors in the architectural-planning of water and entertainment health facilities. Differences in the architectural-planning structure of resort buildings in Switzerland and the Maldives were compared and features of the natural landscape character were identified in the choice of architectural forms.

This article analyzes the issues of optimization of taxation processes for enterprises. The study examined the possibilities of increasing economic activity by reducing the tax burden on enterprises, simplifying and increasing the transparency of taxation. The article suggests ways to improve the tax system through digitalization of taxation, expansion of tax benefits and bid optimization.

This article analyzes the unique features of the writer Ulugbek Hamdam's work, the ideological and artistic features of the novel "Rebellion and Obedience".

This article delves into the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the field of architecture. It explores how AI is reshaping the design process, enhancing collaboration, and enabling the creation of innovative and sustainable structures. By examining the symbiotic relationship between human creativity and machine intelligence, we uncover the potential of AI to revolutionize the architectural landscape. From generative design and machine learning to virtual and augmented reality, AI is empowering architects to push the boundaries of architectural possibility. 
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into architecture is revolutionizing the field, fostering a collaborative environment where human creativity and computing power intersect to create innovative designs and sustainable solutions.

Educational excellence and student achievement are fundamentally linked to teacher development. The Cambridge system offers comprehensive pathways for educators to strengthen their teaching abilities, acquire contemporary knowledge, and broaden their classroom expertise. At its core, the Cambridge approach prioritizes the ongoing professional evolution of its teaching staff.

This article analyzes issues such as Abdulla Avlani's moral views, the role of moral and didactic works in Eastern literature, compositional uniqueness, theme and content of the work "Turkish Gulistan or Ethics" (“Turkiy Guliston yoxud axloq”).

Despite a significant decrease in the prevalence and intensity of carious disease in the world over the past 20-30 years, this problem remains relevant in many countries, including Russia. According to a systematic review, which summarized data from 378 studies for 1990-2010, caries of permanent teeth is the most common disease worldwide. Its prevalence has not changed in 2 decades and averages 35% (2.4 billion people). The high incidence of caries complications (pulpitis and periodontitis) is the main cause of tooth extraction. All this has a negative impact on the dental health of the population. Due to the fact that the prevalence of caries increases with age, dentists are increasingly faced with this problem against the background of the aging trend of the population.

Chronic tonsillitis is a persistent inflammatory condition of the tonsils, which can lead to recurrent infections, throat discomfort, and systemic complications if left untreated. This article reviews the latest advancements in the treatment of chronic tonsillitis, highlighting both conservative and surgical interventions. Modern treatment methods emphasize a combination of medical therapies, such as the use of antibiotics, probiotics, and immunomodulatory agents, alongside physical therapies like laser treatment and cryotherapy. For patients unresponsive to conservative treatment, surgical options, primarily tonsillectomy, remain the definitive solution. The article also explores minimally invasive techniques that reduce postoperative recovery time and complications. Current research suggests an integrative approach that tailors treatment to the severity of the condition, patient age, and underlying health conditions, aiming for improved patient outcomes and a reduction in recurrence rates.

The Karakalpak region of Ustyurt is located in the west of the Republic of Uzbekistan, bordering on the east with the Aral Sea, most of which has turned into a desert.

Gastrotourism in Karakalpakstan, an autonomous region in Uzbekistan, presents a unique opportunity to showcase its rich culinary heritage and natural landscapes to the world. This paper explores the potential for developing gastrotourism in Karakalpakstan by promoting its traditional dishes, such as besbarmaq, kuyrdak, and fish specialties from the Aral Sea. By integrating culinary experiences with cultural and eco-tourism, developing food trails, and offering farm-to-table tourism, the region can attract a diverse range of tourists. Challenges such as limited infrastructure and the need for greater awareness are also discussed, alongside strategies for sustainable and community-driven tourism development.

This paper examines the historical background, key features, and ongoing relevance of the Grammar-Translation Method (GTM) in language learning. Despite the decline in its popularity due to the rise of communicative approaches, GTM remains a significant method in certain academic contexts. This study evaluates its effectiveness in terms of grammar acquisition and reading comprehension and compares its application with modern teaching approaches.

In this article, the methodology for the formation of philosophical concepts in primary school students on the basis of an axiological approach, the most basic principles of modern philosophy, the presence of a philosophical worldview in the student's mind, ensuring that moral standards are able to understand the moral nature of social relations by Primary School students, the process associated with, there is talk of axiological evaluation as well.

This article is based on the methods of shaping the subject's imagination of children with visual impairments, the importance of sensory education, the theoretical approach to organizing correctional work with students with visual impairments. In particular, feedback on issues related to the development of the imagination of students with problems in the field, the formation and development of social and personal activity competencies, the systematic organization of a correctional approach, the development of the imagination of students with special educational needs, as well as the improvement of the didactic provision of organization through correctional work.